DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/presipitasi.v22i2.485-496

Analysis of Cikakembang River Water Quality Using the Pollution Index, STORET, and CCME-WQI Methods

Finna Fitriana orcid scopus  -  Universitas Katolik Parahyangan, Indonesia
*Doddi Yudianto orcid scopus  -  Universitas Katolik Parahyangan, Indonesia
Yong Chan Seo  -  Sangji University, South Korea

Citation Format:
Abstract

River pollution is a significant environmental issue driven by urban growth and industrialization. The Cikakembang River, a tributary of the Citarum River in the Majalaya industrial area, receives wastewater from densely populated residential areas and textile manufacturing industries. Accurate assessment and monitoring of surface water quality are crucial to ensure its safe utilization. This study investigates the the Cikakembang River's water quality using the Pollution Index, STORET, and CCME-WQI methods, evaluating 14 water quality parameters across nine sampling locations during both wet and dry seasons to capture seasonal differences. The results reveal that the river fails to meet Class II water quality standards as outlined in Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. While the Pollution Index classified contamination as mild to moderate, both STORET and CCME-WQI consistently indicated severe pollution across all sites and seasons. These findings suggest that STORET and CCME-WQI provide a more comprehensive assessment of pollution severity than the PI method, which may underestimate cumulative water quality degradation. This study highlights the urgent need for enhanced pollution control measures and stricter regulatory enforcement to mitigate further degradation of the Cikakembang River and improve its long-term sustainability.

 

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: CCME-WQI; Cikakembang River; pollution index; STORET; surface water quality

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Regional Case Study
Language : EN
Recent articles
Wastewater Removal Pollutants Using Polyethylene terephthalate Media : Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor The Potential of Spent Bleaching Earth In Charcoal Briquettes as Energy Source Effect of Non-Thermal Plasma on Biochar Properties from Sugarcane Bagasse and Banana Peel Environmental Factors Associated with Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Martapura’s Primary Health Center Sustainability Literacy on Food Waste Education: A Preliminary Study Atmospheric Microplastic Particulate Matter in an Urban Roadside: Case of Bandar Lampung City, Indonesia Corporate Responsibility for Water Disclosure in Improving Environmental Transparency: A Case Study of ASEAN Countries Life Cycle Assessment and Material Flow Analysis Research on Electronic Waste in Asia: Trends, Gaps, and Insights Trends and Patterns of Sediment Contamination in Indonesia (1999-2024): A Scientometric Analysis More recent articles
Most cited articles
POLA PENYEBARAN LIMPASAN LOGAM LINDI TPA JATIBARANG PADA AIR SUNGAI KREO STUDI PEMBUATAN KOMPOS PADAT DARI SAMPAH DAUN KERING TPST UNDIP DENGAN VARIASI BAHAN MIKROORGANISME LOKAL (MOL) DAUN DAMPAK PENURUNAN TANAH DAN KENAIKAN MUKA LAUT TERHADAP LUASAN GENANGAN ROB DI SEMARANG PENENTUAN CAMPURAN LUMPUR LAPINDO SEBAGAI SUBSTITUSI PASIR DAN SEMEN DALAM PEMBUATAN PAVING BLOCK RAMAH LINGKUNGAN KUALITAS UDARA DALAM RUANG DI DAERAH PARKIR BASEMENT DAN PARKIR UPPERGROUND (STUDI KASUS DI SUPERMARKET SEMARANG) More cited articles
  1. Blacksmith Institute, 2013. The world’s worst 2013: The top ten toxic threats cleanup, progress, and ongoing challenges
  2. Damayanti, I., Kurniawan, B. and Rahmayetty, 2021. Study on the use of the Indonesian water quality index method, CCME, pollution index and storet in determining water quality status - Case study of the Cirarab River.1 AIP Conference Proceedings, 2370, September
  3. Fitriana, F., Yudianto, D., Polisar, A. and Sanjaya, S., 2023. Investigation of deoxygenation rate determination in Cikakembang River, West Java, Indonesia. Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum, December, pp.49–58
  4. Government of Indonesia, 2021. Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021 on the implementation of environmental protection and management
  5. Hernaningsih, T., 2021. Analisis kualitas air di ruas Sungai Batang Toru dengan metode Storet dan indeks pencemaran. Jurnal Rekayasa Lingkungan, 13(2), pp.138–151
  6. Hu, L., Chen, L., Li, Q., Zou, K., Li, J. and Ye, H., 2022. Water quality analysis using the CCME-WQI method with time series analysis in a water supply reservoir. Water Supply, 22(7), pp.6281–6295.2
  7. Ilyas, M., Ahmad, W., Khan, H., Yousaf, S., Yasir, M. and Khan, A., 2019. Environmental and health impacts of industrial wastewater effluents in Pakistan: A review. Reviews on Environmental Health, 34(2), pp.171–186
  8. Kent, S., Yudianto, D., Gao, C., Fitriana, F. and Wang, Q., 2024. Water quality modelling with industrial and domestic point source pollution: A study case of Cikakembang River, Majalaya District. Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum, 10(May), pp.151–162
  9. Kurniawan, B., 2018. Usulan metode penentuan indeks kualitas air (IKA) di Indonesia tahun 2020–2024
  10. Lumb, A., Halliwell, D. and Sharma, T.C., 2006. Application of CCME water quality index to monitor water quality: A case of the Mackenzie River Basin, Canada. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 113(1–3), pp.411–429
  11. Lumb, A., Sharma, T.C. and Bibeault, J.-F., 2011. A review of genesis and evolution of water quality index (WQI) and some future directions. Water Quality, Exposure and Health, 3(1), pp.11–24
  12. Marengke, M.K.S. and Nurhayati, E., 2022. Determination of water quality status using the STORET method and identification of pollutants in the Kobe River, Central Halmahera Regency. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1095(1), pp.0–8
  13. Ministry of Environment, 2003. Decree No. 115 of 2003 on guidelines for determining water quality status. Ministry of Environment, Republic of Indonesia
  14. Nemerow, N.L. and Sumitomo, H., 1970.3 Benefits of water quality enhancement, report No 16110 DAJ. Syracuse
  15. Panagopoulos, Y., Alexakis, D.E., Skoulikidis, N.T., Laschou, S., Papadopoulos, A. and Dimitriou, E., 2022.4 Implementing the CCME water quality index for the evaluation of the physicochemical quality of Greek rivers. Water (Switzerland), 14(17), pp.1–23
  16. Pahlewi, A.D., Rahayu, H., Teknik Kelautan, P., Pertanian, F., Abdurachman Saleh Situbondo, U. and Lingkungan Hidup dan Perhubungan Kabupaten Bondowoso, D., 2020. Determining of water quality status using pollution index method at Pasir Putih Situbondo. Environmental Science and Technology, 4, pp.269–280
  17. Regulation No. 27 of 2021, 2021. On the environmental quality index
  18. Romdania, Y., Herison, A., Susilo, G.E. and Novilyansa, E., 2018. Kajian penggunaan metode IP, STORET, dan CCME WQI dalam menentukan status kualitas air. Spatial Wahana Komunikasi Dan Informasi Geografi, 18(2), pp.133–141
  19. Restrepo, J.L.A., Diaz, Y.J.R. and Barraza, H.C.B., 2023. Water quality indices (WQI) and contamination indices (WPI) a bibliographic review. Tecnura, 27(77), pp.121–140
  20. Sari, E.K. and Wijaya, O.E., 2019. Penentuan status mutu air dengan metode indeks pencemaran dan strategi pengendalian pencemaran Sungai Ogan Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 17(3), p.486
  21. Su, K., Wang, Q., Li, L., Cao, R., Xi, Y. and Li, G., 2022. Water quality assessment based on Nemerow pollution index method: A case study of Heilongtan reservoir in central Sichuan province, China.5 PLOS ONE, 17(8), pp.1–12
  22. Sulthonuddin, I., Hartono, D. and Said, C., 2020. Using Nemerow’s pollution index method for water quality assessment of Cimanuk River in West Java. Proceedings of the EAI International Conference on Applied Engineering (ICAE)
  23. Tanjung, R., Yonas, M., Suwito, S., Maury, H., Sarungu, Y. and Hamuna, B., 2022. Analysis of surface water quality of four rivers in Jayapura Regency, Indonesia: CCME-WQI approach. Journal of Ecological Engineering, 23(1), pp.73–82
  24. Yolanda, Y., Effendi, H. and Sartono, B., 2019. Determination of water quality status at Belawan Harbour using STORET method. International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 6(May), pp.267–274
  25. Zahrah, A.A. and Hidayah, E.N., 2023. Indeks kualitas air menggunakan metode indeks pencemaran pada kawasan industri di Jawa Timur. Environmental Science and Engineering Conference, 4(1), pp.364–369
  26. Zhou, Z., Liu, J., Zhou, N., Zhang, T. and Zeng, H., 2021. Does the “10-point water plan” reduce the intensity of industrial water pollution? Quasi-experimental evidence from China. Journal of Environmental Management, 295, p.113048

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2025-08-29 14:52:26

No citation recorded.