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Identifikasi Bikeability Sebagai Pendukung Kebijakan Transportasi Berkelanjutan di Kota Yogyakarta

*Faricha Kurniadhini  -  Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
Muhammad Sani Roychansyah  -  Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia

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Abstract

Transportasi berkelanjutan menjadi kebutuhan baru Kota Yogyakarta untuk mengatasi permasalahan transportasi seperti kemacetan lalu lintas dan meningkatnya polusi udara. Memiliki sejarah sebagai kota sepeda, Kota Yogyakarta memiliki semangat untuk mengembalikan citra tersebut di tengah meningkatnya jumlah kendaraan bermotor di Kota Yogyakarta. Tahun 2008, pemerintah Kota Yogyakarta mengampanyekan sebuah semangat untuk mengajak penduduk menggunakan sepeda dalam bekerja dan sekolah. Namun demikian, semangat mengembalikan citra sebagai kota sepeda akan menjadi lebih baik jika pemerintah telah siap dalam hal kelembagaan dan infrastruktur untuk sepeda. Lalu, bagaimana kesiapan Kota Yogyakarta dalam memfasilitasi ajakan bersepeda tersebut? Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kemampuan Kota Yogyakarta dalam hal keramahan untuk bersepeda atau disebut sebagai bikeability. Bikeability Kota Yogyakarta dapat dilihat melalui aspek spasial dan kelembagaan yang ada. Aspek spasial dalam bikeability diketahui dengan menggunakan metode Spatial Multi Criteria Analysis (SMCA) dan aspek kelembagaan diketahui dengan Ecomobility Readiness Assessment. Ketiga analisis tersebut memberikan hasil bahwa Kota Yogyakarta memiliki karakteristik fisik yang mendukung transportasi sepeda. Selain itu, perjalanan penduduk yang banyak dilakukan di dalam Kota Yogyakarta memberikan optimisme Kota Yogyakarta kembali menjadi kota sepeda. Hal ini diperjelas dengan komitmen pemerintah dalam memprioritaskan pesepeda dan pejalan kaki dalam kebijakan transportasi di Kota Yogyakarta.

 

Sustainable transportation is a new necessity for Yogyakarta to overcome transportation problems such as traffic congestion and increased air pollution. Having a history as cycling city, Yogyakarta has a spirit to restore the image although it experiences the increasing number of motorized vehicles. In 2008, the government campaigned for inviting residents to use bicycle to go to work and schools. However, the spirit of returning the image of cycling city will be better if the government is capable in terms of institution and infrastructure for cycling. According to that, how is the bikeability condition and the readiness of Yogyakarta in accommodating cycling movement? This research aims to identify the ability of Yogyakarta in terms of friendliness for cycling or called bikeability. Bikeability of Yogyakarta can be identified by looking at the existing spatial and institutional aspects. The spatial aspect of bikeability is identified using the Spatial Multi-Criteria Analysis (SMCA) method while the institutional aspects is known by using Ecomobility Readiness Assessment Scorecard. Both analysis result that Yogyakarta has a good condition of physical characteristic that can promote cycling. It is strengthened by the government’s commitment in prioritizing cyclists and pedestrians in transportation policies of Yogyakarta.   

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Keywords: bikeability; berkelanjutan; kota; sepeda; transportasi
Funding: Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia

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