DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jpwk.v22i3.82211

Fasilitas Sosialisasi dan Kesesakan Sarusun sebagai Faktor yang Memengaruhi Harmoni Sosial Penghuni Rusuna Kemayoran

*Hanny Wahidin Wiranegara orcid scopus publons  -  Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Faculty of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Technology, Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia
Yayat Supriatna  -  Prodi Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota, Fakultas Arsitektur Lanskap dan Teknologi Lingkungan, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia
Marselinus Nirwan Luru  -  Prodi Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota, Fakultas Arsitektur Lanskap dan Teknologi Lingkungan, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia
Anindita Ramadhani  -  Prodi Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota, Fakultas Arsitektur Lanskap dan Teknologi Lingkungan, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia
Ros Dwita Gresia Parapat  -  Prodi Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota, Fakultas Arsitektur Lanskap dan Teknologi Lingkungan, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia

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Abstract

Pembangunan rumah susun sederhana (rusuna) masih berfokus pada pendekatan aspek fisik. Di sisi lain, penelitian banyak menggali aspek sosial penghuni rumah susun. Sementara yang dibutuhkan adalah pendekatan yang memadukan aspek fisik dan sosial. Harmoni sosial merupakan ukuran kualitas komunitas yang belum mendapat banyak perhatian, padahal merupakan prasyarat bagi keberlanjutan komunitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik fisik dan sosial pada harmoni sosial. Variabel yang dianalisis meliputi ukuran unit, ketinggian lantai, fasilitas sosialisasi, utilitas, status kepemilikan, jarak ke tempat kerja, dan kesesakan sarusun. Mengambil kasus di Rusuna Kemayoran, Jakarta, yang memiliki keragaman tipe sarusun dan keragaman sosial penghuni, tetapi di sisi lain ada keguyuban. Konstruk harmoni sosial mencakup dimensi harmoni dalam nilai, perasaan, dan tindakan. Desain riset menggunakan survei kuesioner terhadap 143 responden. Analisis dilakukan dengan regresi Partial Least Squares (PLS) menggunakan SmartPLS. Hasil menunjukkan fasilitas sosialisasi (β = 0,404; p = 0,000) dan kesesakan sarusun (β = 0,309; p = 0,014) terbukti berpengaruh positif. Temuan ini menegaskan peran ruang komunal dalam menghubungkan penghuni lama dan penghuni baru, serta mendukung pentingnya mengintegrasikan pertimbangan fisik dan sosial dalam perencanaan perumahan susun publik.

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Keywords: Faktor Sosialisasi; Harmoni Sosial; Hunian Vertikal; Kesesakan Sarusun; Rusuna Kemayoran

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