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Comparison of Reproductive Aspects of the Tropical Eel Anguilla bicolor (McClelland 1884) in Freshwater and Estuarine Habitats

1Faculty of Biology, Jenderal Soedirman University, Indonesia

2Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Aquaculture Department (SEAFDEC/AQD), Binangonan Freshwater Station, Philippines

Received: 7 Jun 2023; Revised: 14 Aug 2023; Accepted: 21 Aug 2023; Available online: 3 Sep 2023; Published: 7 Sep 2023.

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Abstract

The tropical anguillid eel, Anguilla bicolor McClelland, experiences significant growth up to the adult size in both freshwater and estuarine ecosystems, encountering salinity gradients that may impact their reproduction. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the reproductive aspects of A. bicolor collected from Serayu River (freshwater) and Segara Anakan (estuary), Cilacap, Central Java, during July 2020 field surveys. The examined parameters included eye index (EI), fin index (FI), gonadosomatic index (GSI), hepatosomatic index (HSI), and sex ratio of eel specimens in freshwater and estuary. Furthermore, the total length (TL) and body weight (BW) ranged from 260 - 630 mm and 18 - 419 g in freshwater, and 260 - 630 mm and 18 - 447 g in estuary. Significant differences (P<0.01) were observed in the reproductive characteristics between the two habitats (P<0.01), with higher eye index, fin index, gonadosomatic index, and hepatosomatic index in freshwater-caught eels than the values obtained in estuary inhabitants. The mean of these four parameters were 6.99 ± 2.98%, 4.08 ± 0.71%, 1.70 ± 1.13%, and 1.92% ± 1.07 in freshwater, while 3.48 ± 1.60%, 3.45 ± 0.479%, 1.12 ± 0.23%, and 0.28 ± 0.19% were found in estuary. The sex ratio was significantly affected by habitat, with female eels dominating in freshwater (62.5%) compared to estuary (32%). These results suggested that eels in freshwater habitats might exhibit early gonadal maturation compared to those in estuary.

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Keywords: Eel; migratory; reproduction; sex ratio
Funding: Universitas Jenderal Soedirman under contract No: Kept .121/UN23.18/PT.01.05/2020

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