DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.22.2.408-420

Partisipasi Komunitas dalam Konservasi Lingkungan (Studi Implementasi Perhutanan Sosial di Kawasan Hutan Sesaot, Lombok Barat, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat)

1Pusat Riset Kesejahteraan Sosial, Desa dan Konektivitas. Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional., Indonesia

2Gedung Sasana Widya Sarwono Lantai 6, Indonesia

3Jl. Jenderal Gatot Subroto No. 10, DKI Jakarta Indonesia, Indonesia

4 Telp : 0811-1064-6803 email: prksdk@brin.go.id / https://www.brin.go.id, Indonesia

5 Departemen Sosiologi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia

6 Pusat Riset Masyarakat dan Budaya, Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, Indonesia

7 Gedung Widya Graha, Jl. Gatot Subroto No. 10, Mampang Prapatan, Jakarta Selatan 12710, Indonesia

8 Pusat Riset Kependudukan. Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional. Jakarta. Indonesia, Indonesia

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Received: 1 Sep 2022; Revised: 27 Sep 2023; Accepted: 8 Nov 2023; Available online: 4 Feb 2024; Published: 15 Feb 2024.
Editor(s): Budi Warsito

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Abstract

Indonesia memiliki hutan tropis terluas ketiga di dunia. Sumberdaya tersebut memiliki banyak manfaat bagi masyarakat di sekitarnya. Namun ancaman perubahan fungsi hutan akibat illegal logging, perluasan pemukiman, kegiatan pertanian yang tidak lestari, dan kebakaran hutan menjadi meningkat. Aktivitas tersebut mengancam kelestarian lingkungan dan sumber penghidupan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis bagaimana upaya perhutanan sosial dalam melestarikan lingkungan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif di kawasan Hutan Kemasyarakatan (HKm) Sesaot, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, penelusuran dokumen, dan wawancara mendalam dengan pihak terkait. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perhutanan sosial dilatarbelakangi oleh kepemilikan lahan yang sempit, dan kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat setempat yang tertinggal yang meningkatkan tekanan terhadap hutan. Program HKm bertujuan untuk melestarikan hutan dan memperbaiki kondisi sosial ekonomi lewat pemberian hak kelola kepada penggarap untuk mengusahakan berbagai jenis Hasil Hutan Bukan Kayu (HHBK). Upayanya lewat tata kelola kawasan untuk memastikan pengusahaan sesuai kaidah pengelolaan lestari sekaligus menyeimbangkan dengan kebutuhan sosial ekonomi masyarakat. Untuk menjaga kondisi lingkungan sehat, dilakukan konservasi antara lain dengan penanaman beringin, aren, dan bambu untuk kelestarian tanah dan sumber air. Pandangan warga sekitar mengindikasikan bahwa tanah masih dapat untuk menanam dengan baik. Kondisi air juga masih bisa dimanfaatkan untuk berbagai macam keperluan, meskipun debitnya sudah berkurang dalam beberapa tahun ini. Ada ancaman seperti penambangan di sekitar kawasan yang dapat mengakibatkan ketidakeimbangan lingkungan.

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Keywords: perhutanan sosial; konservasi; kehutanan; pemberdayaan; masyarakat; HKm

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Language : ID
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