DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.22.6.1545-1553

Pemantauan Kualitas Air dan Kontaminasi Vibrio spp. pada Udang Putih Pasifik (Litopenaeus vannamei) yang Dibudidayakan dengan Sistem Super – Intensif: Studi Kasus di Situbondo, Jawa Timur, Indonesia

1Research Group of Biological Health, Study Program of Biology, Faculty of Health and Science, Universitas Dhyana Pura, Badung Regency, Bali Province, Indonesia, Indonesia

2Supervisor of Animal Disease Control, Animal Health Sector, Department of District Animal Husbandry, Bangkalan, Madura, East Java, Indonesia, Indonesia

3Fish Quarantine and Inspection Agency Regional Office Denpasar (BKIPM), Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (KKP), Indonesia, Indonesia

4 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C, Mulyorejo, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia, Indonesia

5 Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Muhammadiyah University of Gresik, Gresik 61121, East Java, Indonesia, Indonesia

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Received: 19 Dec 2023; Revised: 8 Mar 2024; Accepted: 9 Jul 2024; Available online: 11 Nov 2024; Published: 11 Nov 2024.
Editor(s): Budi Warsito

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Abstract

Penyakit yang disebabkan oleh kelompok Vibrio spp. selama program budidaya Litopenaeus vannamei berpotensi menyebar ke perairan melalui perpindahan larva, kontaminasi silang, hingga tingginya padat tebar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki kualitas air dan kelimpahan Vibrio spp. pada L. vannamei yang dibudidayakan menggunakan sistem super-intensif. Evaluasi fluktuasi kualitas air dan bakteri Vibrio spp. dilakukan dengan pengukuran parameter kualitas air (suhu, oksigen terlarut, salinitas, nilai pH, dan amoniak) pada media pemeliharaan L. vannamei. Pemeriksaan Vibrio spp. dilakukan pada air pemeliaraan dan tubuh udang L. vannamei dengan mengkultur pada media selektif CHROMAgar serta identifikasi pada kenampakan hepatopankreas. Pemantauan dilakukan mulai dari Days of Culture (DOC) 30 – 150. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai DO pada pemeliharaan hari ke-150 cenderung mengalami peningkatan, yang diikuti dengan peningkatan nilai suhu dan kadar amoniak secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan usia pemeliharaan 30 hari (p≤0.05). Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada nilai pH dan salinitas pada DOC 30 dan 150. Cemaran Vibrio spp. pada media pemeliharaan cenderung tinggi pada DOC 30, sedangkan cemaran V. parahaemolyticus dan V. cholera cenderung tinggi pada DOC 90 dan 60 pada tubuh L. vannamei. Cemaran Vibrio spp., pada L. vannamei dapat dikaitkan dengan tingginya padat penebaran, berdampak pada penurunan DO dan peningkatan suhu dan amoniak pada system budidaya super-intensif.

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Keywords: Udang putih pasifik; kualitas air; Litopenaeus. vannamei; sistem super-intensif; akuakultur
Funding: Research Group of Biological Health, Program Studi Biologi, Universitas Dhyana Pura

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