DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.23.5.1243-1252

Pemodelan Spasial Kerawanan Banjir di Kepulauan Nias dan sekitarnya berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis dan Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis

1Departemen Manajemen Hutan, Fakultas Kehutanan dan Lingkungan, IPB University. Jl. Ulin, Kampus IPB, Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

2Departemen Manajemen Hutan, Fakultas Kehutanan dan Lingkungan, IPB University. Jl. Ulin, Kampus IPB, Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Rwanda

3Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Tadulako, Jl. Soekarno Hatta, Tondo, Kecamatan Mantikulore, Kota Palu, Sulawesi Tengah 94148, Indonesia, Indonesia

Received: 13 Mar 2025; Revised: 10 Sep 2025; Accepted: 14 Sep 2025; Available online: 30 Sep 2025; Published: 8 Oct 2025.
Editor(s): Budi Warsito

Citation Format:
Abstract

Peningkatan kejadian Banjir di Kepulauan Nias dalam dekade terakhir menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi dan sosial yang besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan model spasial untuk pemetaan tingkat kerawanan banjir di Kepulauan Nias dan Sekitarnya. Metode yang digunakan adalah Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) berbasis Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) yang diintegrasikan dengan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Enam variabel kriteria dianalisis yaitu kemiringan lereng, ketinggian, curah hujan, jenis tanah, tutupan lahan, dan jarak dari sungai. Hasil analisis AHP menunjukkan bahwa ketinggian dan curah hujan merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kerawanan banjir. Model yang dibangun kemudian mengklasifikasikan wilayah ke dalam tiga tingkat kerawanan yaitu rendah, sedang, dan tinggi. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa Kabupaten Nias Utara dan Nias Barat memiliki proporsi wilayah dengan kerawanan tinggi yang cukup besar. Sebaliknya, Kota Gunungsitoli dan Kabupaten Nias Selatan didominasi oleh wilayah dengan kerawanan rendah. Model spasial ini dapat berfungsi sebagai alat pendukung keputusan yang efektif bagi pemerintah daerah dan pemangku kepentingan dalam perencanaan mitigasi bencana, pengembangan tata ruang berbasis kebencanaan, dan pengembangan sistem peringatan dini banjir yang terintegrasi di Kepulauan Nias dan Sekitarnya.

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Persebaran tingkat kerawanan banjir di Kepulauan Nias dan Sekitarnya
Subject Persebaran tingkat kerawanan banjir
Type Research Results
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 Research Materials
Variabel jenis tanah, tutupan lahan dan jarak dari sungai Kepulauan Nias dan Sekitarnya
Subject Variabel
Type Research Materials
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 Research Materials
Varaibel kemiringan lereng, ketinggian dan curah hujan Kepulauan Nias dan Sekitarnya
Subject Variabel
Type Research Materials
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Keywords: Model Spasial, Kerawanan Banjir, Kepulauan Nias; Analytical Hierarchy Process, Sistem Informasi Geografis

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