DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.24.2.315-327

Kajian Community-Based pada pengelolaan Ekowisata Mundupesisir, Kabupaten Cirebon

1Magister Studi Lingkungan, Universitas Terbuka, Jl. Cabe Raya Pondok Cabe, Pamulang, Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia

2Program Studi Biologi, FMIPA, Universitas Halim Sanusi, Bandung, Indonesia

3Program Studi Akuntansi, Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama, Cirebon, Indonesia

Received: 21 May 2025; Revised: 29 May 2026; Accepted: 4 Jun 2026; Available online: 16 Jul 2026; Published: 18 Jul 2026.
Editor(s): Budi Warsito

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Abstract
Ekowisata mangrove berbasis komunitas merupakan pendekatan strategis yang mengintegrasikan konservasi ekosistem pesisir dengan pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat lokal. Penelitian yang secara spesifik mengeksplorasi struktur pengelolaan ekowisata mangrove, konflik tata kelola antar-stakeholder, serta dampak sosial-ekonomi dan ekologisnya pada ekowisata mangrove di Indonesia masih sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis model pengelolaan Ekowisata Mangrove Kasih Sayang Mundupesisir (MKSM), Kabupaten Cirebon, yang memiliki keunikan berupa dualisme kelembagaan antara Pokmaswas (konservasi) dan Pokdarwis yang merupakan bagian dari BUMDes (pariwisata), dengan mengidentifikasi: karakteristik pengelolaan berbasis komunitas, konflik kepentingan antar-aktor, serta dampak pengelolaan pada dimensi sosial-ekonomi dan ekologi. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui in-depth interview terhadap 9 informan kunci yang dipilih secara purposive, meliputi ketua dan anggota Pokmaswas, Pokdarwis, BUMDes, Kepala Desa, Sekretaris Desa, dan penjaga tiket ekowisata, serta observasi nonpartisipan dan studi dokumen. Analisis data menggunakan pendekatan tematik-induktif dengan tahap open coding, axial coding, dan selective coding. Validitas data dilakukan dengan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi metode. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa MKSM menerapkan model pengelolaan co-management hibrid yang memadukan authentic ecotourism dan community based tourism, dengan struktur tata kelola ganda yaitu Pokmaswas (Kelompok Pengawasan Komunitas) mengawasi konservasi, sementara Bumdes (Perusahaan Milik Desa) melalui Pokdarwis (Kelompok Sadar Wisata) mengelola kegiatan komersial ekowisata yang belum diformalkan dalam regulasi desa. Terdapat gap kelembagaan yang signifikan, namun pembagian peran dan kewenangan tersebut belum dilegalformalkan sehingga menciptakan konflik yang menghambat perkembangan ekowisata. Temuan ini memberikan kontribusi berupa model co-management ekowisata mangrove dengan dualisme kelembagaan formal-informal yang relevan bagi pengembangan community based ecotourism di kawasan pesisir Indonesia.
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Keywords: co-manajemen; kajian community-based; pengelolaan ekowisata; konservasi mangrove; ekowisata mangrove; Mundupesisir

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