DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jai.v0i0.62676

Malignant Hyperthermia

1Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia

2Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia

Received: 17 Mar 2024; Revised: 22 May 2025; Accepted: 4 Jun 2025; Available online: 10 Jun 2025; Published: 31 Jul 2025.
Open Access Copyright 2021 JAI (Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia)
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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Abstract

Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a life-threatening clinical syndrome caused by hypermetabolism involving skeletal muscle. MH is very rare, but it is one of the causes of death in the operating room. MH is an autosomal dominant disease and can be triggered when exposed to certain anesthetic drugs. Genetic tests can help diagnose, but the gold standard is the caffeine halothane contracture test (CHCT). Initial symptoms are a decrease in pH and oxygen, as well as an increase in CO2, lactate, potassium, and temperature. The increase in lactate reflects tissue hypoxia. Dantrolene is an antidote to MH, by reducing calcium loss from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle and returning metabolism to normal conditions. Immediate detection and treatment can improve MH outcomes.

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Keywords: anesthesia; autosomal dominant; dantrolene; hypermetabolism; malignant hyperthermia

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Section: Literature Reviews
Language : EN
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