skip to main content

Effect of albumed milk on albumin serum levels in sepsis patients treated at Intensive Care Unit (ICU)

Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University/ Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia, Indonesia

Received: 12 Feb 2025; Revised: 23 Jan 2026; Accepted: 3 Feb 2026; Available online: 5 Feb 2026.
Open Access Copyright 2021 JAI (Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia)
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Background: Sepsis, an infection-induced condition, triggers an inflammatory response leading to life-threatening organ dysfunction and hypoalbuminemia. Albumed milk, containing extracts from egg whites and sprouts, has been considered a potential intervention to prevent hypoalbuminemia.

Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Albumed Milk on serum albumin levels in sepsis patients within the Intensive Care Unit (ICU).

Methodology: An experimental study involved two groups totaling 40 patients. The control group received a standard ICU diet, while the treatment group received the regular ICU diet supplemented with 30 grams of albumed milk every 8 hours. Albumin levels were measured on days 0 and 3.

Results: A significant reduction in average albumin levels occurred in the control group at 0.605 units (p-value = 0.006). Conversely, the treatment group showed a non-significant decrease, with an average albumin level reduction of 0.03 units (p = 0.839).

Conclusion: There was a significant decrease in albumin levels in the septic patients without albumed intervention. Conversely, albumed milk administration preserves the albumin level in septic patients. This highlights the potential utility of albumed milk as a supplementary measure in mitigating sepsis-related hypoalbuminemia.

Note: This article has supplementary file(s).

Fulltext |  common.other
Ethical Clearance
Subject
Type Other
  Download (693KB)    Indexing metadata
 common.other
Submission Fee
Subject
Type Other
  View (43KB)    Indexing metadata
 common.other
Copyright Transfer Agreement
Subject
Type Other
  Download (227KB)    Indexing metadata
 common.other
Abstract
Subject
Type Other
  View (2MB)    Indexing metadata
Keywords: critical care; intensive care; intensive care nursing; nutrition in intensive care; albumed milk

Article Metrics:

  1. Perbatasari I.D, Suryono I.D, Uyun Y. Kadar Albumin Darah sebagai Prediktor Risiko Kematian Di ICU RSUP Dr Sardjito Tahun 2014. Jurnal Komplikasi Anestesi. 2016. 3 (2) : 17-22
  2. Manggabarani S, Tiro N, Laboko A.I, Umar M. Karakteristik Kandungan Albumin Pada Jenis Ikan di Pasar Kota Makassar. Jurnal Dunia Gizi. 2018. 1 (1) doi: 10.33085/jdg.v1i1.2906
  3. Matsuoka R, Kurihara H, Nishijima N, Oda Y, Handa A. Egg white hydrolysate retains the nutritional value of proteins and is quickly absorbed in rats. 2019. Sci World J
  4. Detarun P, Srichamnanturakit V, Isaramalai SA, Rakpanusit T. Enhancing nutritional care with egg white supplementation on serum albumin level for home-based bed-ridden elderly patients. Funct Foods Heal Dis. 2022;12(6):308–24
  5. Mishra V, Heath RJ (2021). Structural and biochemical features of human serum albumin essential for eukaryotic cell culture. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(16)
  6. Wiryana M. Nutrisi Pada Penderita Sakit Kritis. Jurnal Penyakit Dalam. 2007 ; 8 (2) Mei 2007
  7. Widya Y, Mahmud, Prima A. Hipoalbuminemia: Pengaruhnya pada Farmakokinetika Agen-agen Anestesi. Jurnal Komplikasi Anestesi. 2017. 5(1) :83-91
  8. Akirov A, Iraqi-Masri H, Atamna A. Low Albumin Levels Are Associated with Mortality Risk in Hospitalized Patients. The American Journal of Medicine. 2017; 130(1465):11-19
  9. Kendall, H., Abreu, E. & Cheng, A. Serum albumin trend predicts mortality in ICU patients with sepsis. Biol. Res. Nurs. 2019 ; 21(3), 237–244
  10. Arnau-Barres I, Guerri-Fernandez R, Luque S, Sorli L, Vazquez O, Miralles R. Serum albumin is a strong predictor of sepsis outcome in elderly patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2019; 38(4):743–746. doi: 10.1007/s10096-019-03478-2
  11. Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW et al. The Third International Consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA.. 2016 315(8):801–810
  12. Mogensen T. H. Pathogen recognition and inflammatory signaling in innate immune defenses. Clinical microbiology reviews. 2009; 22(2), 240–273. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00046-08
  13. Hauser, C. J., & Otterbein, L. E. Danger signals from mitochondrial DAMPS in trauma and post-injury sepsis. European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society. 2018; 44(3), 317–324. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00068-018-0963-2
  14. Soeters PB, Wolfe R, Shenkin A, et al. Hypoalbuminemia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Significance. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. 2018. 43(2) :181-93 https://doi.org/10.1002/jpen.1451
  15. Frej, C. et al. Sphingosine 1‐phosphate and its carrier apolipoprotein M in human sepsis and inescherichia colisepsis in baboons’, Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine. 2016; 20(6), pp. 1170–1181. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.12831
  16. Arroyo, V., García-Martinez, R. and Salvatella, X. Human serum albumin, systemic inflammation, and cirrhosis’, Journal of Hepatology. 2014; 61(2), pp. 396–407. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2014.04.012
  17. Yulianda D, Maharani L, Wulandari M. Penggunaan Albumin Oral dan Albumin Injeksi pada Pasien Sirosis Hepar di RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto. Acta Pharm Indo. 2020; 8(1) :8-15
  18. Gatta, A., Verardo, A., Bolognesi, M. Hypoalbuminemia, Internal and Emergency Medicine. 2012; 7 (3): S193–S199
  19. Nugroho. Alit Y. Perbandingan Efektivitas Terapi Albumin Ekstrak Ikan Gabus Murni Dibanding Human Albumin 20% Terhadap Kadar Albumin Dan pH Darah Pada Pasien Hipoalbuminemia. Tesis. Pascasarjana Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta. 2016
  20. Levitt, D. G., & Levitt, M. D. (2016). Human serum albumin homeostasis: a new look at the roles of synthesis, catabolism, renal and gastrointestinal excretion, and the clinical value of serum albumin measurements. International journal of general medicine, 9, 229– 255. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S102819
  21. Prastowo A, Lestariana W, Nurdjanah S, et al. Keefektifan ekstrak putih telur terhadap peningkatan albumin dan penurunan IL-1β pada pasien tuberkulosis dengan hipoalbuminemia. Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia. 2014; 10(3):111-18
  22. Azhar, M . Biomolekul Sel Karbohidrat, Protein dan Ezim. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling; 2016
  23. Moman RN, Gupta N, Varacallo M. Physiology , Albumin [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing. 2022 [cited 2023 Sep 20]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459198
  24. Zhou, N., Zhao, Y., Yao, Y., Wu, N., Xu, M., Du, H., Wu, J., & Tu, Y. Antioxidant Stress and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Egg White Proteins and Their Derived Peptides: A Review. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 70(1), 5–20. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04742
  25. Lee JH, Paik HD. Anticancer and immunomodulatory activity of egg proteins and peptides: a review. Poult Sci. 2019. 98(12):6505–16
  26. Tagashira, A., Nishi, K., Matsumoto, S., & Sugahara, T. Anti-inflammatory effect of lysozyme from hen egg white on mouse peritoneal macrophages. Cytotechnology. 2018. 70(3), 929–938. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10616-017-0184-2
  27. Zuhrotun, A. Aktivitas Antidiabetes Ekstrak Etanol Biji Buah Alpukat (Persea americana mill) Bentuk Bulat. Tesis. Bandung : Program Pasca Sarjana Universitas Padjadjaran. Hal : 12. 2007
  28. Sabir, A. Pemanfaatan Flavonoid di Bidang Kedokteran GIGI. Majalah Kedokteran Gigi (Dental Journal), Edisi Khusus Temu Ilmiah Nasional . 2003. III : 81-87
  29. Dedyanto H.S. Suplemen Putih Telur dalam Tatalaksana Hipoalbumin. Continuing Medical Education. 20214. 8 (10) : 410-413
  30. Han T, Cheng T, Liao Y, et al. Analysis of the value of the blood urea nitrogen to albumin ratio as a predictor of mortality in patients with sepsis. J Inflamm Res. 2022. 15:1227–1235. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S356893
  31. Kim MH, Ahn JY, Song JE, et al. The C-reactive protein/albumin ratio as an independent predictor of mortality in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock treated with early goal- directed therapy. PLoS One. 2015; 10(7):e0132109
  32. Yu Y, Wu W, Dong Y, Li J. C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio predicts sepsis and prognosis in patients with severe burn injury. Mediators Inflamm. 2021; 6621101. doi: 10.1155/2021/6621101
  33. Qin Z, Li H, Wang L, et al. Systemic immune-inflammation index is associated with increased urinary albumin excretion: a population-based study. Front Immunol. 2022; 13:863640. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.863640
  34. Hsieh M, Liao S, Chia-rong hsieh V, How C. Occurrence and impact of gastrointestinal bleeding and major adverse cardiovascular events during sepsis: a 15-year observational study. Emerg Med Int. 2020; 9685604. doi: 10.1155/2020/9685604
  35. Syamsiatun NH, Siswati T. Pemberian ekstra jus putih telur terhadap kadar albumin dan Hb pada penderita hipoalbuminemia. J Gizi Klin Indones. 2015;12(2):54–61
  36. Gonzalez Demejia, E. and Manuel Real Hernandez, L. Antioxidant potential of mung bean vigna radiata albumin peptides produced by enzymatic hydrolysis and analyzed by biochemical and in silico methods 2020; [Preprint]. doi: 10.1021/scimeetings.0c00808

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2026-02-06 16:01:37

No citation recorded.