DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jai.v0i0.80047

Retrospective Study: Effectiveness of the Surgical Safety Checklist in Reducing Surgical Site Infections

Universitas Bhakti Kencana Bandung, Indonesia

Received: 16 Jul 2025; Revised: 25 Apr 2026; Accepted: 12 May 2026; Available online: 12 May 2026.
Open Access Copyright 2026 JAI (Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia)
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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Abstract

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the major challenges in healthcare, increasing patient morbidity and mortality. The global incidence of SSI has risen to 23.6 cases per 100 surgical procedures. Therefore, prevention and control of surgical site infections are essential patient‑safety efforts.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the Surgical Safety Checklist in relation to SSI occurrence at the hospital.

Methods: This research method A quantitative correlational research design was employed, utilizing a retrospective case-control approach. The study population comprised all patients who underwent surgery with indications of SSI, totaling 63 medical records, with total sampling conducted from January 2024 to April 2025. Data collection instruments included an observation checklist based on WHO guidelines and patient medical records.

Results: Data analysis using the independent t-test revealed a significance value of 0.00 (p < 0.05), indicating a statistically significant difference in the mean incidence of SSI between groups with good and poor SSC implementation. Among the 63 patients diagnosed with wound dehiscence, the average onset of infection was 9 days postoperatively, with a mean surgical duration of 142 minutes.

Conclusion: The findings suggest that enhancing the quality of SSC implementation may serve as an effective strategy to reduce the incidence of HAIs in hospitals, particularly within central surgical installations. The results also underscore the importance of strengthening supervision, implementing preventive measures, and integrating the use of electronic medical records (EMR) to improve infection control and patient safety.

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Keywords: central surgical installation; healthcare associated infections; medical records; surgical safety checklist; surgical site infection.

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