Efektivitas ekstrak umbi sarang semut (myrmecodia pendens merr.& perry) sebagai penurun kadar glukosa darah tikus sprague dawley yang diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Background : Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a disease associated with pancreatic β cell damage and causes hyperglycemia Antioxidants were effective in reducing the state of hyperglycemia that was triggered by free radicals. Sarang semut contains flavonoids and tannins that act as antioxidants.

Objective : The purpose to analyze the effectiveness of sarang semut stem extract as lowering blood glucose on diabetic white male Sprague Dawley rats.

Method : True experimental with 30 rats which divided into five groups : negative control (DM+ water), positive control (DM+glibenklamid) and 3 treatment groups of DM + water extract of  sarang semut stem powder 90 mg/200gBW, 180 mg/200g BW and 360/200g BW respectively. DM was induced by 65mg/kgBW Streptozotocin and 230 mg/kgBW Nicotinamide intraperitonealy. Extract was given by sonde. The data was analyzed by Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Whitney.

Results : IC₅₀ value of  sarang semut stem extract were 6,56-10,07 mg/ml in powder and 9,12-15,62 mg/ml whole. The average rats weight alteration on groups of negative control, positive control,  and 3 treatment groups of DM + water extract of  sarang semut stem powder 90 mg/200gBW, 180 mg/200g BW and 360/200g BW before and after treatment were -7,60± -0,40; 25,80±0,51; 16,40±0,44; 17,20±1,28 dan 19,20±0,06 gram respectively (ρ=0,001). The average fasting blood glucose level on groups of negative control, positive control,  and 3 treatment groups of DM + water extract of  sarang semut stem powder 90 mg/200gBW, 180 mg/200g BW and 360/200g BW before and after treatment were 3,33±2,42; -122,44±-0,51; -79,42±-11,38; -94,08±-11,97 and -134,66±-2,59 mg/dL respectively (ρ=0,001).

Conclusion : The IC_50­ value in sarang semut stem powder was higher than a whole form. Dose of 360 mg/200g BW lowered blood glucose better than 90 and 180 /200g BW dosage.