Status hidrasi, tingkat kebugaran jasmani dan daya konsentrasi anak sekolah dasar

*Agus Sudrajat  -  Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Ivet, Indonesia
Maria Mexitalia  -  Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
Ali Rosidi  -  Program Studi Gizi, Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan dan Kesehatan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Indonesia
Received: 10 Jan 2018; Published: 14 Jun 2019.
Open Access
Citation Format:
Article Info
Section: Articles
Language: EN
Full Text:
In Vol 7, No 2 (2019)
Statistics: 290 396
Abstract

Background: The dehydration correlated with physical fitness and the cognition. The cardiorespiratory fitness correlated with brain ability and working performance too.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess the correlation of dehydration status and cardiorespiratory fitness with the concentration of primary school children.

Methods: Correlational study is done to the students aged 10-12 years old. The dehydration status is measured by urine specific gravity. The cardiorespiratory fitness is measured by harvard step test and digit symbol test is used to measure concentration. The analysis of the data using product moment to bivariate analysis and partial correlation to multivariate analysis.

Results: The result showed that the average of subjects have a mild (Usg 1020.20±6.99 g/dl). The average of the subjects have a less cardiorespiratory fitness (31.27±8.00). The results of concentration ability measurement showed about of 35±12.27. The correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between dehydration status with cardiorespiratory fitness( r=-0.29, p=0.04 ), between dehydration status with concentration (r=-0.29, p=0.036) and between cardiorespiratory fitness with concentration (r=0.295, p=0.03). Partial correlation analysis showed the persistence of a significant correlation between dehydration status and cardiorespiratory fitness (p=0.02), between dehydration status and concentration (p=0.02) and between cardiorespiratory fitness and concentration (p=0.002).

Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between dehydration status and cardiorespiratory fitness. There is a significant correlation between dehydration status and the concentration. There is a significant correlation between cardiorespiratory fitness and the concentration.

 

Keywords
dehydration status; urine specific gravity; cognition; concentration; cardiorespiratory fitness

Article Metrics:

  1. Je´quier E, F Constant. Water as an essential nutrient: the physiological basis of hydration. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010; 64: 115–23.
  2. Hall JA. Hydration and cognition in young adults (thesis). Ohio: Ohio University; 2005.
  3. Suhr JA, Hall J, Patterson SM, Niinisto RT. The relation of hydration status to cognitive performance in healthy older adults. Int J Psychophysiol. 2004;53: 121–5.
  4. Cian C, Barraud PA, Melin B, Raphel C. Effects of fluid ingestion on cognitive function after heat stress or exercise-induced dehydration.Int J Psychophysiol. 2001; 42:243–51.
  5. Trinies V, Chard AN, Mateo T, Freeman MC. Effects of water provision and hydration on cognitive function among primary-school pupils in Zambia: a randomized trial. PLoS ONE. 2006: 11(3):1-6.
  6. Briawan D, Paramitha R, Kartika A. Kebiasaan konsumsi minuman dan asupan cairan pada anak usia sekolah di perkotaan . Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan. 2011; 6(3): 186-91.
  7. Pontifex MB, Raine LB, Johnson CR, Chaddock L, Voss MW, Cohen NJ, et al. Cardiorespiratory fitness and the flexible modulation of cognitive control in preadolescent children. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.2011: 23(6):1332–45.
  8. Decher NR, Douglas JC, Susan WY,Matthew SG, Michelle LL, Catie LD et al. Hydration status, knowledge, and behavior in youths at summer sports camps. Int J Sports Physiol Perform.2008; 3: 262-78.
  9. Jacks DE, Robert T, Justin BM. Prediction of VO2 peak using a sub-maximal bench step test in children. Clinical Kinesiology. 2011; 65(4): 68.
  10. Kim CJ, Sang-hyun H, Byung-Sam K, Joon-Pyo C, Yoonki L,Hyun-Jung K, et al. Comparison of various tests designed to assess the recovery of cognitive and psychomotor function after ambulatory anesthesia. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2008;55(3):291-7.
  11. Edmonds CJ, Burford D. Should children drink more water? The effects of drinking water on cognition in children. Appetite. 2009: 52:776– 9.
  12. Bar-David Y, Urkin J, Kozminsky E: The effect of voluntary dehydration on cognitive functions of elementary school children. Acta Paediatr.2009: 94:1667–73.
  13. Edmonds CJ, Jeffes B. Does having a drink help you think? 6–7-Year-old children show improvements in cognitive performance from baseline to test after having a drink of water. Appetite. 2009; 53(3):469– 72.
  14. Fadda R, Rapinett G, Grathwohl D, Parisi M, Fanari R, Cao CM, et al. Effects of drinking supplementary water at school on cognitive performance in children. Appetite. 2012; 59(3):730–7.
  15. Hillman CH, Castelli DM, Buck SM. Aerobic fitnessand neurocognitive function in healthy preadolescent children. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005; 37(11): 1967–74.
  16. Zhu N. Cardiorespiratory fitness in relation to cognitive function, brain MRI measures, and quality of life in middle-aged population (Dissertation). Minnesota: University of Minnesota; 2013.
  17. Sen A, Gider P, Cavalieri M, Freudenberger P, Farzi A, Schallert M, et al. Association of cardiorespiratory fitness and morphological brain changes in the elderly: results of the austrian stroke prevention study. Neurodegener Dis. 2012;10(1-4):135-7.
  18. Prakash RS, Snook EM, Motl RW, Kramer AF. Aerobic fitness is associated with gray matter volume and white matter integrity in multiple sclerosis. Brain Res. 2010;1341:41-51.
  19. Brown AD, McMorris CA, Longman RS, Leigh R, Hill MD, Friedenreich CM, et al. Effects of cardiorespiratory fitness and cerebral blood flow on cognitive outcomes in older women. Neurobiol Aging. 2010;31(12):2047-57.
  20. Erickson KI, Weinstein AM, Sutton BP, Prakash RS, Voss MW, Chaddock L, et al. Beyond vascularization: Aerobic fitness is associated with N-acetylaspartate and working memory. Brain Behav.2012;2(1):32-41.

The Authors submitting a manuscript do so on the understanding that if accepted for publication, copyright of the article shall be assigned to Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) and Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro as publisher of the journal.

Copyright encompasses exclusive rights to reproduce and deliver the article in all form and media, including reprints, photographs, microfilms and any other similar reproductions, as well as translations. The reproduction of any part of this journal, its storage in databases and its transmission by any form or media, such as electronic, electrostatic and mechanical copies, photocopies, recordings, magnetic media, etc., will be allowed only with a written permission from Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition).

Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, the Editors and the Advisory Editorial Board make every effort to ensure that no wrong or misleading data, opinions or statements be published in the journal. In any way, the contents of the articles and advertisements published in the Indonesian Journal of Nutrition are sole and exclusive responsibility of their respective authors and advertisers.