DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jgi.8.1.24-30

Pengaruh lama mengunyah terhadap kadar glukosa postprandial dewasa obesitas

1Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

2Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

3Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

4 Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

View all affiliations
Received: 18 Jan 2019; Published: 6 Feb 2020.

Citation Format:
Abstract
Background: Obesity cause various physiological changes in the body, one of which is insulin resistance causes high blood glucose levels. Chewing is a stimulus of cephalic phase responses and sensory stimulation that can increase hormones releasing such as insulin, ghrelin, cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Chewing plays important role in determining postprandial plasma glucose concentration.

Objective: Investigate the effect of chewing on postprandial blood glucose in obese adults.

Method: This was true experimental research. Research subjects were treated in the form of chewing 22 times and 40 times each mouthful. Blood glucose levels were measured using glucometer on fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 120 minutes. Statistical test using Independent t-test.

Results: The mean postprandial glucose levels in the 22 chews group at 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 120 minutes were 112.11 ± 14.3328, 126.11 ± 15.667, 116.94 ± 15.539, and 89.67 ± 11.668 . While the mean postprandial blood glucose levels in the 40 chews group at 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 120 minutes were 122.22 ± 14.381, 129.61 ± 15.112, 109.50 ± 14.995, and 85.83 ± 13.963. There were statistically significant differences between chewing groups 22 times and chewing 40 times on fasting blood glucose and 15 minutes postprandial blood glucose (p = 0.041 and p = 0.042), while on 30 minutes postprandial glucose testing, 60 minutes , and 120 minutes there was no significant difference (p> 0.05).Conclusion: There was significant differences in 15 minutes postprandial blood glucose level between group 22 times chewing and 40 times chewing each mouthful.
Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: obesity; chewing; blood glucose; glucometer
Funding: Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa Kemenristekdikti 2018

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Articles
Language : EN
Recent articles
Hubungan pola asuh dengan kejadian stunting balita dari keluarga miskin di Kota Palembang Kualitas diet, kurang energi kronis (KEK), dan anemia pada pengantin wanita di Kabupaten Semarang Snack bar berbahan pati sagu (Metroxylon sp.), tempe, dan beras hitam sebagai pangan fungsional berindeks glikemik rendah More recent articles
Most cited articles
Tepung ulat sagu (Rhyinchophorus ferrugineus) imunomodulator Nitric Oxide (NO) sirkulasi mencit terapi antimalaria standar Prevalensi dan jenis masalah emosional dan perilaku pada anak usia 9-11 tahun dengan perawakan pendek di Kabupaten Brebes Keragaman pangan, pola asuh makan dan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 24-59 bulan Pengaruh pendidikan gizi terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap tentang gizi anak Sekolah Dasar Estimasi potensi kerugian ekonomi akibat wasting pada balita di indonesia More cited articles
  1. World Health Organization (WHO). Obesity and Overweight [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 Jun 20]. Available from: http://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight
  2. Litbangkes. Riset Kesehatan Dasar. Jakarta: Kemenkes RI; 2013. p. 223
  3. Al-hazzaa HM, Abahussain NA, Al-sobayel HI, Qahwaji DM, Musaiger AO. Lifestyle factors associated with overweight and obesity among Saudi adolescents. BMC Public Health. 2012;12(1):1-11
  4. Azrin NH, Kellen MJ, Brooks J, Ehle C, Vinas V. Relationship between rate of eating and degree of satiation. Child Fam Behav Ther. 2008;30(4):355–64
  5. Li J, Zhang N, Hu L, Li Z, Li R, Li C, et al. Improvement in chewing activity reduces energy intake in one meal and modulates plasma gut hormone concentrations in obese and lean. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;(3):709–16
  6. Hassoon SM, Zadian MA. Obesity and Overweight among Sample of Foundation of Technical Education Students in Iraq During 2011. Med J Babylon. 2013;10(1):162-72
  7. Guyton AC, Hall JE. Buku Ajar Fisiologi Kedokteran. Edisi 12. Jakarta: EGC; 2014. 855-922 p
  8. Soegondo S. Sindroma Metabolik. In: Sudoyo, A.W., Setiyohadi, B., Alwi, I., Simadibrata, M., Setiasti, S. E, editor. Buku Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Jilid 3. 5th ed. Jakarta: Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia; 2009. p. 1865
  9. Arisman. Obesitas, Diabetes Mellitus dan Dislipidemia. In: Mahode, AA, editor. Buku Ajar Ilmu Gizi. Jakarta: EGC; 2011
  10. Cassady BA, Hollis JH, Fulford AD, Considine R V., Mattes RD. Mastication of almonds: Effects of lipid bioaccessibility, appetite, and hormone response. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;89(3):794–800
  11. Suzuki H, Fukushima M, Okamoto S, Takahashi O, Shimbo T. Effects of thorough mastication on postprandial plasma glucose concentrations in nonobese Japanese subjects. Elsevier. 2005;54(12):1593–9
  12. Zhu Y, Hsu WH, Hollis JH. Increased number of chews during a fixed-amount meal suppresses postprandial appetite and modulates glycemic response in older males. Physiol Behav. 2014;133:136–40
  13. Forde CG, Kuijk N Van, Thaler T, Graaf C De, Martin N. Oral Processing Characteristics Of Solid Savoury Meal Components, And Relationship With Food Composition, Sensory Attributes And Expected Satiation. Appetite [Internet]. 2013;60:208–19. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2012.09.015
  14. Park S, Shin W. Differences In Eating Behaviors And Masticatory Performances By Gender And Obesity Status. Physiol Behav [Internet]. 2015;138:69–74. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.10.001
  15. Hollis JH. The Effect Of Mastication On Food Intake, Satiety And Body Weight. Physiol Behav [Internet]. 2018;(October 2017):0–1. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.04.027
  16. Leong SL, Madden C, Gray A, Waters D, Horwath C. Faster Self-Reported Speed of Eating Is Related to Higher Body Mass Index in a Nationwide Survey of Middle-Aged Women. J Am Diet Assoc [Internet]. 2011;111(8):1192–7. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2011.05.012
  17. Zhu Y, Hsu WH, Hollis JH. Increasing the number of masticatory cycles is associated with reduced appetite and altered postprandial plasma concentrations of gut hormones, insulin and glucose. Br J Nutr. 2013;110(2):384–90
  18. Yamin, Bahrudin; Nelly Mayulu JR. Hubungan Asupan Energi dengan Kejadian Obesitas pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar di Kota Manado. ejournal keperawatan. 2013;1(1):1-8
  19. Li L, Li X, Zhou W, L. Messina J. Acute Psychological Stress Results in the Rapid Development of Insulin Resistance. J Endcrinology. 2013;217(2):175–84
  20. Spiegel K, Knutson K, Leproult R, Tasali E, Cauter E Van, Knutson K, et al. Sleep loss : a novel risk factor for insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes. J Appl Physiol. 2005;99(5):2008–19
  21. Hashimoto K, Matsuda H, Fujimasa H, Yurikusa M. Effects of mastication on glucose metabolism in rats, with emphasis on differences in properties of food consumed whilst breeding. Arch Oral Biol [Internet]. 2011;56(12):1610–5. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.06.015
  22. Ranawana V, Henry CJK, Pratt M. Degree of habitual mastication seems to contribute to interindividual variations in the glycemic response to rice but not to spaghetti. Nutr Res [Internet]. 2010;30(6):382–91. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2010.06.002
  23. Apolzan JW, Leidy HJ, Mattes RD, Campbell WW. Effects of food form on food intake and postprandial appetite sensations, glucose and endocrine responses, and energy expenditure in resistance trained v. sedentary older adults. Br J Nutr. 2011;106(7):1107-16
  24. Zhu Y, Hsu WH, Hollis JH. The effect of food form on satiety. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2013;64(June):385–91
  25. Pereira LJ, Gaviao MBD, Engelen L, Bilt AV. Mastication And Swallowing : Influence Of Fluid Addition To Foods. J Appl Oral Sci. 2007;15(1):55–60
  26. Shirali A, Pawaskar PN. Mastication Frequency and Postprandial Blood Sugar Levels in Normoglycaemic and Dysglycaemic Individuals : A Cross- Sectional Comparative Study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016;10(7):OC06–08
  27. Takeshi K, Seino Y, Nishi S, Tsuji K, Taminato T, Tsuda K, et al. Mechanism of Sympathetic Neural Regulation of Insulin, Somatostatin, and Glucagon Secretion. Am J PhysiolPhysiol. 1990;258:E220-7
  28. Ramussen H, Zawalich KC, Ganesan S, Calle R, Zawalich WS. Physiology and Pathophysiology of Insulin Secretion. Diabetes Care. 1990;13(6):655–66
  29. Kim W, Egan JM. The Role of Incretins in Glucose Homeostasis and Diabetes Treatment. Pharmacol Rev. 2009;60(4):470–512
  30. Ma J, Bellon M, Wishart JM, Young R, Blackshaw LA, Jones KL, et al. Effect of the artificial sweetener, sucralose, on gastric emptying and incretin hormone release in healthy subjects. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2009;296(4):735–9
  31. Meutia N. Peran Neuropeptida Y dalam Meningkatkan Nafsu Makan. e-USU Repos. 2005;1–14
  32. Meutia N. Peran Hormon Ghrelin Dalam Meningkatkan Nafsu Makan. e-USU Repos. 2005;(3):1–11
  33. Astuti R, Hendriyani H. Penambahan kelapa (Cocos nucifera) dan kacang tolo (Vigna unguiculata) terhadap nilai indeks glikemik singkong (Manihot utilissima). J Gizi Klin Indones. 2013;10(1):1-9
  34. Read NW, Welch IM, Austen CJ, Barnish C, Bartlett CE, Baxter AJ, et al. Swallowing food without chewing; a simple way to reduce postprandial glycaemia. Br J Nutr [Internet]. 1986;55(1):43–7. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3311145
  35. Kokkinos A, Le Roux CW, Alexiadou K, Tentolouris N, Vincent RP, Kyriaki D, et al. Eating slowly increases the postprandial response of the anorexigenic gut hormones, peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;95(1):333–7
  36. Jang H-J, Kokrashvili Z, Theodorakis MJ, Carlson OD, Kim B-J, Zhou J, et al. Gut-expressed gustducin and taste receptors regulate secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1. Proc Natl Acad Sci [Internet]. 2007;104(38):15069–74. Available from: http://www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.0706890104
  37. Soelistijo SA, Novida H, Rudijanto A, Soewondo P, Suastika K, Manaf A et al. Konsensus Pengelolaan dan Pencegahan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Indonesia 2015. 2015. 27-29 p
  38. Yamazaki T, Yamori M, Asai K, Nakano-Araki I, Yamaguchi A, Takahashi K, et al. Mastication and Risk for Diabetes in a Japanese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. PLoS One. 2013;8(6):1-8

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2025-07-25 05:17:38

No citation recorded.