DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jgi.12.2.101-107

Additional vitamin D supplementation does not affect muscle strength in the older women: A double-blind randomized controlled trial

1Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

2Department of Specialist Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

3Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

Received: 26 Oct 2023; Revised: 24 Apr 2024; Accepted: 16 May 2024; Available online: 28 Jun 2024; Published: 28 Jun 2024.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Background: The elderly, aged 60 and above, are expected to increase in number in the coming years. Aging brings about various changes, impacting both physical and mental health. Proper protein intake and exercise can boost muscle protein synthesis, while maintaining optimal vitamin D levels is crucial. Research is necessary to explore vitamin D's impact on elderly muscle mass.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effect of adding vitamin d supplementation to protein and exercise on handgrip strength in healthy elderly.

Materials and Methods: 24 participants were randomized in a double-blinded, pilot study ages 60- 80 years Subjects were divided into two groups. Group 1 was given interventions of vitamin D supplementation 1000 UI/day combining soy + oats milk as a protein and exercise. The second group was given intervention of soy+ oats milk protein, and exercise. The intervention program was administered for 8 weeks. Data comparison whitin and between groups were analyzed by Independent T-test, Mann-Whitney, and Paired T-test

Results: Data from all participants was analyzed, before and after interventions of handgrip was increased in both of groups from a mean of 17.18kg to 18.06kg for the right hand and 15.17kg to 18.26kg for the left hand in Group 1, 13.80kg to 16.86kg for the right hand and 15.45kg to 17.32kg for the left hand in Group 2. Results of the difference test analysis between the two groups (ANOVA t = 0.548, P= 0172) showed no difference between group 1 and group 2.

Conclusion: In this study, there was no effect of adding vitamin D supplementation on handgrip at healthy elderly participants.

 

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Vitamin D; Protein; Exercise; Healthy elderly

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Articles
Language : EN
Recent articles
A systematic review of iron supplementation’s effects on adolescent girls The sociodemographic factors on food insecurity among household living in disaster-prone area in Central Java, Indonesia The effect of rosella tea on weight loss among overweight women in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: An interventional pilot study More recent articles
Most cited articles
Pengetahuan ibu, pola makan dan status gizi pada anak stunting usia 1-5 tahun di Kelurahan Bangetayu, Kecamatan Genuk, Semarang Estimasi potensi kerugian ekonomi akibat wasting pada balita di indonesia Front Matter Keragaman pangan, pola asuh makan dan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 24-59 bulan Pengaruh pemberian asi eksklusif dan non eksklusif terhadap mental emosional anak usia 3-4 tahun More cited articles
  1. Tieland M, Trouwborst I, Clark BC. Skeletal muscle performance and ageing. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2018; 9: 3–19
  2. Landi F, Camprubi-Robles M, Bear DE, et al. Muscle loss: The new malnutrition challenge in clinical practice. Clinical Nutrition 2019; 38: 2113–2120
  3. Mehmet H, Yang AWH, Robinson SR. Measurement of hand grip strength in the elderly: A scoping review with recommendations. J Body Mov Ther 2020; 24: 235–243
  4. Morley JE. Anorexia of aging: A true geriatric syndrome. J Nutr Health Aging 2012; 16: 422–425
  5. Arosio B, Cesari M. Nutrition and Muscle Health. Nutrients 2021; 13: 797
  6. Norman K, Haß U, Pirlich M. Malnutrition in Older Adults—Recent Advances and Remaining Challenges. Nutrients 2021; 13: 2764
  7. Deutz NEP, Bauer JM, Barazzoni R, et al. Protein intake and exercise for optimal muscle function with aging: Recommendations from the ESPEN Expert Group. Clinical Nutrition 2014; 33: 929–936
  8. Bauer J, Biolo G, Cederholm T, et al. Evidence-Based Recommendations for Optimal Dietary Protein Intake in Older People: A Position Paper From the PROT-AGE Study Group. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2013; 14: 542–559
  9. Hengeveld LM, Boer JMA, Gaudreau P, et al. Prevalence of protein intake below recommended in community‐dwelling older adults: a meta‐analysis across cohorts from the PROMISS consortium. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2020; 11: 1212–1222
  10. Hengeveld LM, Wijnhoven HA, Olthof MR, et al. Prospective associations of poor diet quality with long-term incidence of protein-energy malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults: the Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2018; 107: 155–164
  11. Backx EMP, Tieland M, Borgonjen-van den Berg KJ, et al. Protein intake and lean body mass preservation during energy intake restriction in overweight older adults. Int J Obes 2016; 40: 299–304
  12. Mosole S, Carraro U, Kern H, et al. Long-Term High-Level Exercise Promotes Muscle Reinnervation With Age. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2014; 73: 284–294
  13. Cordes T, Schoene D, Kemmler W, et al. Chair-Based Exercise Interventions for Nursing Home Residents: A Systematic Review. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2021; 22: 733–740
  14. Lima TRL, Almeida VP, Ferreira AS, et al. Handgrip Strength and Pulmonary Disease in the Elderly: What is the Link? Aging Dis 2019; 10: 1109
  15. Samefors Maria. Aspects of Vitamin D Deficiency in Elderly People in Nursing Homes and in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes with Emphasis on Mortality, Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mental Health. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2020
  16. Bauer JM, Verlaan S, Bautmans I, et al. Effects of a Vitamin D and Leucine-Enriched Whey Protein Nutritional Supplement on Measures of Sarcopenia in Older Adults, the PROVIDE Study: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015; 16: 740–747
  17. Liao C-D, Tsauo J-Y, Wu Y-T, et al. Effects of protein supplementation combined with resistance exercise on body composition and physical function in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 2017; 106: 1078–1091
  18. Rondanelli M, Klersy C, Terracol G, et al. Whey protein, amino acids, and vitamin D supplementation with physical activity increases fat-free mass and strength, functionality, and quality of life and decreases inflammation in sarcopenic elderly. Am J Clin Nutr 2016; 103: 830–40
  19. Abe T, Thiebaud RS, Loenneke JP. Age-related change in handgrip strength in men and women: is muscle quality a contributing factor? Age (Dordr) 2016; 38: 28
  20. Kim B-J, Kwak MK, Lee SH, et al. Lack of Association Between Vitamin D and Hand Grip Strength in Asians: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. Calcif Tissue Int 2019; 104: 152–159
  21. Arnarson A, Gudny Geirsdottir O, Ramel A, et al. Effects of whey proteins and carbohydrates on the efficacy of resistance training in elderly people: double blind, randomised controlled trial. Eur J Clin Nutr 2013; 67: 821–826
  22. Dzik KP, Kaczor JJ. Mechanisms of vitamin D on skeletal muscle function: oxidative stress, energy metabolism and anabolic state. Eur J Appl Physiol 2019; 119: 825–839
  23. Olsson K, Saini A, Strömberg A, et al. Evidence for Vitamin D Receptor Expression and Direct Effects of 1α,25(OH)2D3 in Human Skeletal Muscle Precursor Cells. Endocrinology 2016; 157: 98–111
  24. Orces CH. Prevalence of clinically relevant muscle weakness and its association with vitamin D status among older adults in Ecuador. Aging Clin Exp Res 2017; 29: 943–949
  25. Iolascon G, de Sire A, Calafiore D, et al. Hypovitaminosis D is associated with a reduction in upper and lower limb muscle strength and physical performance in post-menopausal women: a retrospective study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2015; 27: 23–30
  26. Christakos S, Hewison M, Gardner DG, et al. Vitamin D: beyond bone. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2013; 1287: 45–58
  27. Sanders KM, Scott D, Ebeling PR. Vitamin D Deficiency and its Role in Muscle-Bone Interactions in the Elderly. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2014; 12: 74–81
  28. Grimnes G, Kubiak J, Jorde R. Four months vitamin D supplementation to vitamin D insufficient individuals does not improve muscular strength: A randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 2019; 14: e0225600
  29. Bislev LS, Langagergaard Rødbro L, Rolighed L, et al. Effects of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Muscle Strength, Mass, and Physical Performance in Women with Vitamin D Insufficiency: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. Calcif Tissue Int 2018; 103: 483–493
  30. Wang J, Wang X, Gu Y, et al. Vitamin D is related to handgrip strength in adult men aged 50 years and over: A population study from the TCLSIH cohort study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2019; 90: 753–765

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2025-04-02 19:34:34

No citation recorded.