DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jgi.0.0.%25p

Effect of leunca (Solanum nigrum) on inflammatory status in rats induced by high-fat and high-sucrose diet

Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

Received: 29 Aug 2024; Revised: 22 Nov 2024; Accepted: 6 Dec 2024; Available online: 3 Jan 2025; Published: 30 Jun 2025.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Background: Consumption of foods that are high in calories over a long period of time is a cause of obesity and can increase proinflammatory cytokines. Leunca fruit contains various phytochemicals that act as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiobesity but not many people utilize leunca fruit as daily food.

Objective: To analyze the effect of leunca fruit on TNF-α and IL-6 levels in rats induced by high fat and sucrose diet (HFSD).

Methods: The research design is Randomized Post Test Only Control Group Design. The sample was 30 male Sparague Dawley rats and divided into 5 groups, namely group K1 which was given standard feed, group K2 which was induced by HFSD, group P1 which was induced by HFSD and leunca 0.8g/200gBB, group P2 which was induced by HFSD and leunca 1.6g/200gBB, and group P3 which was induced by HFSD and leunca 2.4g/200gBB. The research was conducted at the Nutrition Laboratory of the Center for Food and Nutrition Studies of Gadjah Mada University (PSPG PAU UGM) Yogyakarta in January-March 2024. Testing TNF-α and IL-6 levels through rat blood serum using the ELISA method. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Post Hoc test.

Results: The measurement results of TNF-α and IL-6 levels in the P1, P2, and P3 treatment groups were significantly different compared to the K2 group. Leunca can also suppress weight gain in HFSD-induced rats. The number of doses affects the levels of TNF-α and IL-6, the higher the dose, the lower the levels of TNF-α and IL-6.

Conclusion: Leunca fruit can reduce proinflammatory cytokine levels (TNF-α and IL-6) in HFSD-induced rats.

Note: This article has supplementary file(s).

Fulltext |  common.other
SURAT PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN DAN PERSETUJUAN PENULIS
Subject
Type Other
  Download (376KB)    Indexing metadata
Keywords: TNF-α; IL-6; Obesity; Leunca

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Articles
Language : EN
Recent articles
Effect of leunca (Solanum nigrum) on inflammatory status in rats induced by high-fat and high-sucrose diet More recent articles
Most cited articles
Estimasi potensi kerugian ekonomi akibat wasting pada balita di indonesia Pengaruh pendidikan gizi terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap tentang gizi anak Sekolah Dasar Back Matter Keragaman pangan, pola asuh makan dan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 24-59 bulan Front Matter More cited articles
  1. World Health Oganization. Obesity. 2021; Available from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/obesity
  2. Kementrian Kesehatan RI. Riskesdas 2018. In 2018. Available from: http://www.yankes.kemkes.go.id/assets/downloads/PMK No. 57 Tahun 2013 tentang PTRM.pdf
  3. World Health Oganization. Obesity and Overweight. 2024; Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight
  4. Kwaifa IK, Bahari H, Yong YK, Md Noor S. Endothelial dysfunction in obesity-induced inflammation: Molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. Biomolecules. 2020;10(2). DOI: 10.3390/biom10020291
  5. Zatterale F, Longo M, Naderi J, Raciti GA, Desiderio A, Miele C, et al. Chronic Adipose Tissue Inflammation Linking Obesity to Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes. Front Physiol. 2020;10(January):1–20. DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01607
  6. Kawai T, Autieri M V., Scalia R. Adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in obesity. Am J Physiol - Cell Physiol. 2021;320(3):C375–91. DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00379.2020
  7. Djalalinia S, Qorbani M, Peykari N, Kelishadi R. Health Impacts of Obesity - Obesity Canada. Pak J Med Sci [Internet]. 2015;31(1):239–42. Available from: https://obesitycanada.ca/understanding-obesity/health-impacts-obesity/
  8. Yumuk V, Tsigos C, Fried M, Schindler K, Busetto L, Micic D, et al. European Guidelines for Obesity Management in Adults. Obes Facts. 2015;8(6):402–24. DOI: 10.1159/000442721
  9. Campisi A, Acquaviva R, Raciti G, Duro A, Rizzo M, Santagati NA. Antioxidant Activities of Solanum nigrum L. Leaf extracts determined in in vitro cellular models. Foods. 2019;8(2):1–12. DOI: 10.3390/foods8020063
  10. Chen X, Dai X, Liu Y, Yang Y, Yuan L, He X, et al. Solanum nigrum Linn.: An Insight into Current Research on Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13(August):1–32. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.918071
  11. Majdan M, Bobrowska-Korczak B. Active Compounds in Fruits and Inflammation in the Body. Nutrients. 2022;14(12):1–27. DOI: 10.3390/nu14122496
  12. Stevani H. Praktikum Farmakologi. Jakarta: Kementrian Kesehatan RI; 2016. 1–171
  13. Kobi JBBS, Matias AM, Gasparini PVF, Torezani-Sales S, Madureira AR, da Silva DS, et al. High-fat, high-sucrose, and combined high-fat/high-sucrose diets effects in oxidative stress and inflammation in male rats under presence or absence of obesity. Physiol Rep. 2023;11(7):1–13. DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15635
  14. Peng CH, Cheng JJ, Yu MH, Chung DJ, Huang CN, Wang CJ. Solanum nigrum polyphenols reduce body weight and body fat by affecting adipocyte and lipid metabolism. Food Funct. 2020;11(1):483–92. DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02240f
  15. Choi J, Choi H, Ryu G, Lee J, Jeong J. Inhibition of lipid droplet accumulation by Solanum nigrum by suppressing adipogenesis and inducing lipolysis, thermogenesis and autophagy in 3T3‑L1 cells . Exp Ther Med. 2023;26(1):1–7. DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12032
  16. Swann OG, Breslin M, Kilpatrick M, O’Sullivan TA, Mori TA, Beilin LJ, et al. Dietary fibre intake and its association with inflammatory markers in adolescents. Br J Nutr. 2021;125(3):329–36. DOI: 10.1017/S0007114520001609
  17. Arabzadegan N, Daneshzad E, Fatahi S, Moosavian SP, Surkan PJ, Azadbakht L. Effects of dietary whole grain, fruit, and vegetables on weight and inflammatory biomarkers in overweight and obese women. Eat Weight Disord [Internet]. 2020;25(5):1243–51. DOI: 10.1007/s40519-019-00757-x
  18. Zhao L, Wang L, Di S ni, Xu Q, Ren Q cuo, Chen S ze, et al. Steroidal alkaloid solanine A from Solanum nigrum Linn. exhibits anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide/interferon γ-activated murine macrophages and animal models of inflammation. Biomed Pharmacother [Internet]. 2018;105(June):606–15. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.019
  19. Wang K, Lai W, Min T, Wei J, Bai Y, Cao H, et al. The Effect of Enteric-Derived Lipopolysaccharides on Obesity. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25(8):1–19. DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084305
  20. Chylikova J, Dvorackova J, Tauber Z, Kamarad V. M1/M2 macrophage polarization in human obese adipose tissue. Biomed Pap. 2018;162(2):79–82. DOI: 10.5507/bp.2018.015
  21. Dong J, Zhang X, Zhang L, Bian HX, Xu N, Bao B, et al. Quercetin reduces obesity-associated ATM infiltration and inflammation in mice: A mechanism including AMPKα1/SIRT. J Lipid Res. 2014;55(3):363–74. DOI: 10.1194/jlr.M038786
  22. Cui Y, Chen J, Zhang Z, Shi H, Sun W, Yi Q. The role of AMPK in macrophage metabolism, function and polarisation. J Transl Med [Internet]. 2023;21(1):1–16. DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04772-6
  23. Liang W, Qi Y, Yi H, Mao C, Meng Q, Wang H, et al. The Roles of Adipose Tissue Macrophages in Human Disease. Front Immunol. 2022;13(June):1–11. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.908749

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2025-01-21 09:43:48

No citation recorded.