Effectiveness of instant nano catfish–moringa liquid food on burn wound healing in Sprague Dawley rats

Mia Srimiati; Clara M Kurharto; Faisal Anwar; Heni Rachmawati; Muti’ah Mustaqimatusy Syahadah; Rafsan Syabani Cholik

doi:10.14710/jgi.14.2.229-238

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jgi.14.2.229-238

Effectiveness of instant nano catfish–moringa liquid food on burn wound healing in Sprague Dawley rats

Mia Srimiati¹

, Clara M Kurharto², Faisal Anwar², Heni Rachmawati³, Muti’ah Mustaqimatusy Syahadah⁴, Rafsan Syabani Cholik⁵

¹Nutrition Study Program, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Universitas Binawan, East Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia

²Community Nutrition Department, Faculty of Human Ecology, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia

³Sekolah Farmasi, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia

⁴ Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia

⁵ Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Science, Poland, Poland

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Received: 24 Nov 2025; Revised: 14 May 2026; Accepted: 29 May 2026; Available online: 30 Jun 2026; Published: 30 Jun 2026.

BibTex Citation Data :

@article{JGI79417,
    author = {Mia Srimiati and Clara Kurharto and Faisal Anwar and Heni Rachmawati and Muti’ah Syahadah and Rafsan Cholik},
    title = {Effectiveness of instant nano catfish–moringa liquid food on burn wound healing in Sprague Dawley rats},
    journal = {Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition)},
  volume = {14},
    number = {2},
    year = {2026},
    keywords = {Burn injury; catfish flour; liquid diet; moringa leaf; nano-formulation},
    abstract = {  ABSTRACT     Background:   Burn injuries induce hypermetabolic and catabolic responses that impair tissue regeneration and increase nutrient demands. Nano-sized nutrients are expected to enhance bioavailability and accelerate wound recovery through improved cellular uptake and metabolic utilization.    Objective:   This study evaluated the effectiveness of a nano-processed instant liquid food made from catfish and moringa flours on burn wound healing in Sprague Dawley rats.    Materials and Methods:   Fifteen male rats were allocated into five groups: control (commercial formula), MCB15 and MCB30 (micro-size formulas providing 15% and 30% of caloric needs), and MCN15 and MCN30 (nano-processed formulas with particle sizes of approximately 692.2 nm for catfish flour and 1.8 µm for moringa flour). Data were analyzed using Friedman and one-way ANOVA tests with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Second-degree burns were induced by 5-second contact with a 2.5 × 5 cm heated plate on the dorsal area. The interventions lasted for 14 days. Wound area reduction, collagen deposition, and epithelial length were assessed macroscopically and histologically, while glucose, SGPT, SGOT, creatinine, urea, and hematological parameters were analyzed biochemically.    Results:   All groups exhibited progressive wound contraction (p < 0.05). The MCN30 group demonstrated a trend toward greater (56.5%) wound closure and collagen deposition compared with other groups, although inter-group differences were not statistically significant. SGOT decreased significantly in MCN15 (p < 0.05), whereas creatinine showed a mild increase. Blood glucose, urea, and hematological indices remained within normal physiological ranges.    Conclusion:   The nano-processed catfish-moringa liquid diet showed potential to support burn wound healing and collagen formation without adverse metabolic effects. These findings should be interpreted cautiously due to the exploratory nature and small sample size of the study.    Keywords   :   Burn injury; catfish flour; liquid diet; moringa leaf; nano-formulation  },
   issn = {2338-3119},   pages = {229--238}  doi = {10.14710/jgi.14.2.229-238},
    url = {https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/jgi/article/view/79417}
}

Citation Format:

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background: Burn injuries induce hypermetabolic and catabolic responses that impair tissue regeneration and increase nutrient demands. Nano-sized nutrients are expected to enhance bioavailability and accelerate wound recovery through improved cellular uptake and metabolic utilization.

Objective: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a nano-processed instant liquid food made from catfish and moringa flours on burn wound healing in Sprague Dawley rats.

Materials and Methods: Fifteen male rats were allocated into five groups: control (commercial formula), MCB15 and MCB30 (micro-size formulas providing 15% and 30% of caloric needs), and MCN15 and MCN30 (nano-processed formulas with particle sizes of approximately 692.2 nm for catfish flour and 1.8 µm for moringa flour). Data were analyzed using Friedman and one-way ANOVA tests with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Second-degree burns were induced by 5-second contact with a 2.5 × 5 cm heated plate on the dorsal area. The interventions lasted for 14 days. Wound area reduction, collagen deposition, and epithelial length were assessed macroscopically and histologically, while glucose, SGPT, SGOT, creatinine, urea, and hematological parameters were analyzed biochemically.

Results: All groups exhibited progressive wound contraction (p < 0.05). The MCN30 group demonstrated a trend toward greater (56.5%) wound closure and collagen deposition compared with other groups, although inter-group differences were not statistically significant. SGOT decreased significantly in MCN15 (p < 0.05), whereas creatinine showed a mild increase. Blood glucose, urea, and hematological indices remained within normal physiological ranges.

Conclusion: The nano-processed catfish-moringa liquid diet showed potential to support burn wound healing and collagen formation without adverse metabolic effects. These findings should be interpreted cautiously due to the exploratory nature and small sample size of the study.

Keywords: Burn injury; catfish flour; liquid diet; moringa leaf; nano-formulation

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Keywords: Burn injury; catfish flour; liquid diet; moringa leaf; nano-formulation

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In Vol 14, No 2 (2026): June

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