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ANALISIS DAN PENINGKATAN KUALITAS FLUX CORED ARC WELDING (FCAW) MENGGUNAKAN METODE SIX SIGMA DENGAN PENDEKATAN DMAIC PADA INDUSTRI FABRIKASI BAJA

*Jonathan Mianro Pardede  -  Universitas Riau Kepulauan, Indonesia
Hery Irwan orcid scopus  -  Universitas Riau Kepulauan, Indonesia

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Abstract

Proses Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) memegang peranan penting dalam industri fabrikasi baja, namun tingkat cacat sambungan las yang tinggi dapat menurunkan kekuatan struktur, meningkatkan biaya rework, dan mengurangi efisiensi produksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan kualitas proses FCAW melalui penerapan metodologi Six Sigma dengan siklus Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, dan Control (DMAIC). Studi kasus dilakukan pada perusahaan fabrikasi baja di Batam dengan menggunakan data produksi Januari–Juni 2025 sebagai baseline dan data pasca perbaikan Juli 2025. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan tingkat cacat rata-rata sebesar 11,09% dengan nilai Defects per Million Opportunities (DPMO) sekitar 22.182 dan level sigma 3,5 yang mengindikasikan proses belum terkendali secara optimal. Analisis Pareto mengidentifikasi porosity dan slag inclusion sebagai cacat dominan, sedangkan analisis fishbone menunjukkan pengaruh faktor manusia, metode kerja, material, mesin, dan lingkungan kerja. Implementasi perbaikan melalui standarisasi parameter pengelasan, peningkatan kompetensi welder, pengendalian kebersihan material, serta pengendalian lingkungan kerja berhasil menurunkan DPMO menjadi sekitar 12.000 dan meningkatkan kapabilitas proses. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Six Sigma efektif dalam menurunkan cacat, meningkatkan konsistensi kualitas, dan mendukung efisiensi operasional industri fabrikasi baja.

Keywords: DMAIC; FCAW; Six Sigma; steel fabrication; welding quality

Article Metrics:

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