Analisis Spasial dan Temporal Persebaran Kasus Baru TB Paru BTA (+) di Kabupaten Batang

Arum Siwiendrayanti -  Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
Dyah Mahendrasari Sukendra -  Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
*Dwi Arofah -  Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
Received: 10 Aug 2017; Published: 1 Oct 2018.
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In Vol 17, No 2 (2018): Oktober 2018
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Abstract

Latar belakang: Case Notification Rate (CNR) Kabupaten Batang tahun 2013 sebesar 73,8/100.000 penduduk. Berdasarkan CNR-nya Kabupaten Batang masuk peringkat ke-9 dari 35 kabupaten/kota di Jawa Tengah. Selain itu, pada tahun 2012-2014 tren kasus baru TB paru BTA positif selalu menurun, kemudian meningkat tahun 2015, dan turun kembali di tahun 2016. Namun, tren tersebut tidak menggambarkan tren kasus baru di tiap kecamatan yang ada di Kabupaten Batang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran secara spasial dan temporal persebaran kasus baru Tb paru BTA positif ditinjau dari kepadatan penduduk, ketinggian wilayah, cakupan rumah sehat, dan cure rate tahun 2012-2016.

Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analitik kuantitatif dengan studi ekologis menggunakan pendekatan spasial dan temporal. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah semua kasus baru TB paru BTA positif dari tahun 2012-2016.

Hasil: Penyebaran kasus baru tidak menunjukkan pola khusus pada pemetaan berdasarkan ketinggian dan kepadatan penduduk. Sebagian penyebaran kasus baru menunjukkan pola penyebaran mengikuti pola cure rate, dan hampir seluruhnya mengikuti pola cakupan rumah sehat. Cure rate tinggi tidak diikuti oleh penurunan jumlah kasus baru pada wilayah dengan cakupan rumah sehat rendah.

Simpulan: Persebaran kasus baru TB paru BTA positif dipengaruhi oleh faktor cakupan rumah sehat. Sedangkan faktor yang lainnya tidak mempengaruhi persebaran kasus baru Tb paru BTA positif di Kabupaten Batang Tahun 2012-2016.

 

ABSTRACT

Title: Spatial and Temporal Analysis of AFB Smear-Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis New Cases Distribution in Batang Regency

Background: Case Notification Rate (CNR) of Batang Regency in 2013 is 73.8 / 100.000 population. Based on its CNR, Batang regency is ranked 9th of 35 regencies / cities in Central Java. In addition, in 2012-2014, the trend of new AFB smear-positive cases of pulmonary tuberculosis always decrease, then increase in 2015, and decrease again in 2016. However, the trend does not reflect the trend of new cases in each sub-district. The purpose of this research is to descript the spread of new cases of AFB smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis spatially and temporally in terms of population density, altitude, coverage of healthy house, and cure rate of 2012-2016.

Method: The type of research used in this study is analytic quantitative with ecological studies using spatial and temporal approach. The samples in this study were all new cases of AFB smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in 2012-2016.

Result: The distribution of new cases did not indicate a specific pattern on mapping based on altitude and population density. Some of the new case distributions showed the pattern of distribution following a cure rate pattern, and almost entirely following the pattern of healthy house coverage. High cure rates were not followed by a decrease in the number of new cases in areas with low coverage of healthy house.

Conclusion: The distribution of new cases of AFB smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis is influenced by healthy house coverage factor. While other factors did not affect the distribution of new cases of AFB smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis in Batang Regency in 2012-2016

Keywords
: analisis spasial dan temporal; tuberkulosis paru; Kabupaten Batang (spatial and temporal analysis; pulmonary tuberculosis; Batang Regency)

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