skip to main content

Praktek Pengelolaan dan Pemusnahan Limbah Obat pada Sarana Pelayanan Farmasi Komunitas Wilayah Bandung Timur

Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Bhakti Kencana Bandung, Jawa Barat 40614, Indonesia

Open Access Copyright 2022 Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Latar belakang: Limbah farmasi sebagai salah satu penyebab pencemaran lingkungan masih menjadi masalah dilematis pada sarana pelayanan farmasi komunitas dimana obat harus dimusnahkan secara mandiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kesesuaian pengelolaan dan pemusnahan limbah obat pada sarana farmasi komunitas wilayah Bandung Timur.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif yang dilakukan melalui pengamatan langsung dan wawancara pada bulan April – September 2021. Responden merupakan penanggung jawab kegiatan pengelolaan dan pemusnahan limbah obat pada 47 sarana farmasi yang terdiri dari apotek dan klinik pratama yang ditentukan secara accidental sampling. Data diolah dan dianalisis secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif mencakup karakteristik limbah obat dan gambaran kesesuaian pengelolaan dan pemusnahan obat.

Hasil: Semua sarana hanya menghasilkan limbah obat golongan obat keras, obat OTC, obat tradisional dengan bentuk sediaan solid mendominasi sebanyak rerata 330,2 item (41,9 g). Kegiatan pemusnahan limbah obat dilakukan secara mandiri sebesar 85,7% sedangkan 13,3 % penanganan dilakukan dengan cara diserahkan ke pihak lain. Sebagian besar sarana farmasi belum melakukan kerjasama dengan pihak ketiga. Sebesar 59,6% sarana telah memiliki alur pengelolaan limbah yang sesuai sedangkan sebelas apotek dan tiga klinik pratama memiliki alur penanganan limbah obat yang tidak sesuai.

Simpulan: Separuh lebih sarana farmasi telah memiliki alur pengelolaan limbah sesuai Pedoman Pengelolaan Limbah Obat Rusak dan Kadaluarsa di Fasilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan tahun 2021 namun diperlukan sinkronisasi dengan pedoman layanan farmasi yang lain serta sosialisasi kepada pengelola. Apoteker sebagai pengelola perbekalan farmasi perlu mendapat daya dukung yang baik dalam menangani limbah obat secara professional.

 

Title: Suitability of Practices for Management and Destruction of Drug Waste in Community Pharmacy Service Facilities in the East Bandung Region

Background: Pharmaceutical waste as one of the causes of environmental pollution is still a dilemma for community pharmacy service facilities where drugs must be destroyed independently. This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of the management and destruction of drug waste in community pharmacy facilities in the East Bandung area.

Method: This research was a descriptive study conducted through direct observation and interviews in April – September 2021. Respondents were responsible for the management and destruction of drug waste at 47 pharmaceutical facilities consisting of pharmacies and primary clinics determined by accidental sampling. The data was processed and analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively including the characteristics of drug waste and a description of the suitability of the management and destruction of drugs.

Result: All facilities only produce solid drug, OTC drugs,and traditional medicines waste with solid dosage forms dominating an average of 330.2 items (41.9 g). The activity of destroying drug waste is carried out independently by 85.7%, while 13.3% of handling is carried out by handing it over to other parties. Most of the pharmaceutical facilities have not collaborated with third parties. As many as 59.6% of the facilities had appropriate waste management lines, while eleven pharmacies and three primary clinics had inappropriate drug waste management lines.

Conclusion: More than half of pharmaceutical facilities already have a waste management flow in accordance with the Guidelines for Waste Management of Damaged and Expired Drugs in Health Service Facilities in 2021, but synchronization with other pharmaceutical service guidelines and socialization to managers is required. Pharmacists as managers of pharmaceutical supplies need to have good support in dealing with drug waste in a professional manner.

Note: This article has supplementary file(s).

Fulltext View|Download |  ES
Pernyataan Etik
Subject
Type ES
  Download (717KB)    Indexing metadata
 Turnitin
Turnitin
Subject
Type Turnitin
  Download (2MB)    Indexing metadata
 CTA
Copyrigh Transfer Agreement
Subject
Type CTA
  Download (300KB)    Indexing metadata
Keywords: farmasi komunitas; limbah obat; pengelolaan
Funding: Kementerian Riset dan Teknologi/Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional; Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Universitas Bhakti Kencana

Article Metrics:

  1. Amster ED. Mitigating pharmaceutical waste exposures: Policy and program considerations. Isr J Health Policy Res [Internet]. 2016;5(1):1–4. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13584-016-0118-z
  2. Singleton JA, Barter N, Nissen LM, McIntosh M. The Global Public Health Issue of Pharmaceutical Waste : What Role for Pharmacists ? The Negative Impact of Pharmaceuticals on the Environment. J Glob Responsib [Internet]. 2014;5(1):126–37. Available from: https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JGR-03-2014-0009/full/html
  3. Nuryeti Y, Ilyas Y. Pengelolaan Obat Kedaluwarsa dalam Upaya Pengendalian Pencemaran Lingkungan di Puskesmas Wilayah Kerja Kota Serang. Hig J Kesehat Lingkung [Internet]. 2018;4(3):138–42. Available from: http://journal.uin-alauddin.ac.id/index.php/higiene/article/view/6265
  4. Diana K, Tandah MR, Basuki M. Pelaksanaan Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasian Di Apotek Kota Palu. J Ilm As-Syifaa [Internet]. 2019;11(1):45–54. https://doi.org/10.33096/ja.v11i1.504
  5. Fabima F, Aziz A, Juliani A, Indonesia UI. Evaluasi Pengelolaan Limbah Obat Di Fasilitas Kesehatan Dasar Di Kota Yogyakarta Evaluation of Drug Waste Management In Basic Health Facilites At Yogyakarta city [Internet]. Yogyakarta; 2018. Available from: https://dspace.uii.ac.id/bitstream/handle/123456789/12414/08 naskah publikasi.pdf?sequence=14&isAllowed=y
  6. Pramestutie HR, Illahi RK, Hariadini AL, Ebtavanny TG, Savira M. Pengetahuan dan Ketepatan Apoteker dalam Pemusnahan Obat Sisa, Obat Rusak dan Obat Kedaluarsa. J Farm dan Ilmu Kefarmasian Indones [Internet]. 2021;8(3):250–8. https://doi.org/10.20473/jfiki.v8i32021.250-258
  7. Bruno J, Eaton S, Hemingway J, Towle E. Pharmaceutical Waste Disposal : Current Practices in Tirana , Albania [Internet]. Albania; 2016. Available from: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/212981746.pdf
  8. Widiasih ES, Zahrulfa A, Rustamaji R, Suryawati S. Analisis dasar hukum, kebijakan dan peraturan penghapusan obat rusak dan kadaluwarsa di Dinas Kesehatan Kota Yogyakarta. J Kebijak Kesehat Indones JKKI [Internet]. 2018;7(1):34–41. Available from: https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/jkki/article/view/5367/21520
  9. Sreedhar A, Apte M, Mallya R. Pharmaceutical Waste Management. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res [Internet]. 2018;52(1):82–6. Available from: https://search.proquest.com/docview/755266901?accountid=12763%0Ahttp://primoa.library.unsw.edu.au/openurl/61UNSW_INST/UNSW_SERVICES_PAGE?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&genre=dissertations+%26+theses&sid=ProQ:ProQuest+Dis
  10. Jovanović V, Manojlović J, Jovanović D, Matic B, Đonović N. Management of pharmaceutical waste in hospitals in Serbia – Challenges and the potential for improvement. Indian J Pharm Educ Res [Internet]. 2016;50(4):695–702. https://doi.org/10.5530/ijper.50.4.22
  11. Rudiyanto A. Pengaruh COVID-19 terhadap Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan [Internet]. 2020 p. 1–64. Available from: https://kkp.go.id/an-component/media/upload-gambar-pendukung/DitJaskel/publikasi-materi-2/SDGs-Talks-Menjaga-Momentum/20200506 Final Paparan Deputi KSDA SDG IPB - sec.pdf
  12. Syahreni D, Ardiningtyas B. Gambaran Penyebab dan Kerugian karena Obat Rusak dan Kedaluarsa [Internet]. Yogyakarta; 2016. Available from: http://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/penelitian/detail/108215
  13. WHO. Panduan Pembuangan Limbah Perbekalan Farmasi [Internet]. Bahasa Ind. Widyastuti P, editor. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC; 2003. 61 p. Available from: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/42238/WHO_EDM_PAR_99.2_ind.pdf;jsessionid=D77B268B5B00EAEAA3CC415D1AA41985?sequence=2
  14. Wahyudi W. Tanggungjawab Hukum Apoteker dalam Pemusnahan Obat Narkotika di Rumah Sakit. Soumatera Law Rev [Internet]. 2019;2(2):309. https://doi.org/10.22216/soumlaw.v2i2.4484
  15. Dewi TL. Gambaran Pengelolaan Obat Rusak Dan Kadaluarsa Di Apotek Pradipta Slawi [Internet]. Politeknik Harapan Bersama; 2021. Available from: https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=http%3A%2F%2Feprints.poltektegal.ac.id%2F140%2F1%2FGambaran%2520Pengelolaan%2520Obat%2520Rusak%2520Dan%2520Kadaluarsa%2520Di%2520Apotek%2520Pradipta%2520Slawi.docx&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK
  16. Kareri DR. Pelaporan Obat Rusak dan Kadaluarsa di Seksi Kefarmasian Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Sumba Timur [Internet]. Karya Tulis Ilmiah. Poltekkes Kemenkes Kupang; 2018. Available from: http://repository.poltekeskupang.ac.id/365/
  17. Nuraini WF. Analisa Pengelolaan Obat Kadaluarsa Di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Sukoharjo Tahun 2011 [Internet]. Universitas Sebelas Maret; 2013. Available from: https://digilib.uns.ac.id/dokumen/detail/33461
  18. Dyahariesti N, Yuswantina R. Evaluasi Keefektifan Pengelolaan Obat di Rumah Sakit. Media Farm Indones [Internet]. 2019;14(1):1–8. Available from: http://stifar.ac.id/ojs/index.php/MFI/article/view/109/90
  19. Mardiana D. Penanganan obat di Puskesmas Gerung. Pharm Tradit Med [Internet]. 2017;1(1):6–17. https://doi.org/10.33475/jikmh.v6i1.63
  20. Kemenkes RI KR. Pedoman Pengelolaan Obat Rusak dan Kadaluarsa di Fasilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan dan Rumah Tangga [Internet]. Direktorat Jenderal Kefarmasian dan Alat Kesehatan D, editor. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2021. 1–75 p. Available from: https://farmalkes.kemkes.go.id/2021/09/pedoman-pengelolaan-obat-rusak-dan-kedaluwarsa-di-fasyankes-dan-rumah-tangga/
  21. Arisma N. Gambaran Pengelolaan Limbah Medis Padat Di Rumah Sakit Hi Muhammad Yusuf Kalibalangan Kotabumi Tahun 2019. Ruwa Jurai J Kesehat Lingkung. 2021;15(2):85. https://doi.org/10.26630/rj.v15i2.2808
  22. Misgiono M, Setiani O, Budiono B. Evaluasi Manajemen Limbah Padat Dan Cair Di Rsud Mimika. J Kesehat Lingkung Indones [Internet]. 2016;13(1):1–13. Available from: https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/jkli/article/viewFile/10010/7973
  23. Manojlović J, Jovanović V, Georgiev AM, Tesink JG, Arsić T, Marinković V. Pharmaceutical waste management in pharmacies at the primary level of health care in serbia situation analysis. Indian J Pharm Educ Res [Internet]. 2015;49(2):106–11. https://doi.org/10.5530/ijper.49.2.5
  24. Imarhia F, Varisco TJ, Wanat MA, Thornton JD. Prescription drug disposal: Products available for home use. J Am Pharm Assoc [Internet]. 2020;60(4):e7–13. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japh.2020.01.004
  25. Varisco TJ, Fleming ML, Bapat SS, Wanat MA, Thornton D. Health care practitioner counseling encourages disposal of unused opioid medications. J Am Pharm Assoc [Internet]. 2019;59(6):809-815.e5. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japh.2019.07.010
  26. FIP. Sustainability. Int Pharm J [Internet]. 2011;27(1):52. Available from: https://www.fip.org/files/fip/IPJ/IPJ_Vol27_No1_web_def.pdf

Last update:

  1. Do pharmacists counsel customers on the disposal of unused or expired household medications? A national survey among 1,596 pharmacists in Indonesia

    Sofa D. Alfian, Farida Rendrayani, Qisty A. Khoiry, Mochammad A.A. Pratama, Meliana Griselda, Ivan Surya Pradipta, Nursiswati Nursiswati, Rizky Abdulah. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 32 (5), 2024. doi: 10.1016/j.jsps.2024.102020

Last update: 2024-12-07 04:13:42

No citation recorded.