DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jkli.22.1.112-121

Penerapan Integrated Vector Management (IVM) Dalam Upaya Eliminasi Malaria Di Daerah Endemis Kabupaten Purworejo

Magister Kesehatan Lingkungan, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Diponegoro, Jawa Tengah 50275, Indonesia

Open Access Copyright 2023 Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

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Abstract

Latar belakang: Satu-satunya kabupaten yang belum mencapai eliminasi di pulau jawa bali adalah Purworejo. Re-emerging disease malaria yang terjadi pada bulan Juli 2021 menyebabkan Purworejo gagal mendapatkan sertifikat bebas malaria. Integrated Vector Management (IVM) ditujukan untuk memudahkan para pemangku kebijakan dalam menerapkan program pengendalian vektor agar lebih efektif dan efisien. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis penerapan IVM di kabupaten Purworejo dalam mencapai target eliminasi malaria tahun 2023

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam. Informan dipilih langsung oleh peneliti (purposive sampling).  Data diolah menggunakan aplikasi Nvivo 12 Plus. Nilai koding menunjukkan seringnya variabel tersebut dibahas informan selama penelitian.

Hasil: Berdasarkan analisis referensi pengkodean Nvivo 12 Plus menunjukkan variabel pendekatan terintegrasi (110 koding), kapasitas sumber daya (30 koding), kerjasama lintas sektor (97 koding), Advokasi, Mobilisasi dan Regulasi (28 koding), dan pengambilan keputusan berdasarkan bukti (51 koding). Sumber Daya Manusia dalam pengendalian malaria di Puskesmas Kaligesing merangkap tugas dan kompetensi belum sesuai. JMD dinilai masih kurang apalagi ketika terjadi outbreak. Analisis situasi hanya berfokus pada kasus dan kondisi masyarakat, belum maksimal pada kajian epidemiologis maupun entomologis. Pencegahan dan pengendalian malaria terfokus setelah terjadi kasus. Kerjasama lintas sektor masih sebatas koordinasi belum maksimal dalam implementasi. Persepsi terkait masalah kesehatan menjadi tanggung jawab sektor kesehatan sedangkan sektor lain hanya mendukung. Penanganan malaria masih menjadi kegiatan mandiri dan belum kolaboratif. Belum ada program lintas institusi dalam penanganan malaria.

Simpulan: Penerapan IVM Malaria di Kabupaten Purworejo belum maksimal.

 

ABSTRACT

Title: Application of Integrated Vector Management (IVM) in Efforts to Eliminate Malaria in Endemic Areas, Purworejo Regency

Background: The only district that has not achieved elimination on the island of Java Bali is Purworejo. The re-emerging malaria disease that occurred in July 2021 caused Purworejo to fail to get a malaria-free certificate. Integrated Vector Management (IVM) is intended to make it easier for policymakers to implement vector control programs to be more effective and efficient. The purpose of this study is to analyze the application of IVM in Purworejo district in achieving the malaria elimination target in 2023

Method: This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. Data collection was carried out with in-depth interviews. Informants are selected directly by the researcher (purposive sampling).  Data is processed using the Nvivo 12 Plus application. The coding value indicates the frequent discussion of these variables by informants during the study.

Result: Based on the Nvivo 12 Plus coding reference analysis, it shows the variables of integrated approach (110 coding), resource capacity (30 coding), cross-sectoral cooperation (97 coding), Advocacy, Mobilization and Regulation (28 coding), and evidence-based decision making (51 coding). Human Resources in malaria control at the Kaligesing Health Center concurrently have tasks and competencies that are not yet appropriate. JMD is considered to be lacking, especially when there is an outbreak. Situation analysis only focuses on cases and community conditions, not yet optimally in epidemiological and entomological studies. Malaria prevention and control is focused after a case occurs. Cross-sectoral cooperation is still limited to coordination has not been maximized in implementation. Perceptions related to health problems are the responsibility of the health sector while other sectors are only supportive. Malaria management is still an independent and not yet collaborative activity. There is no cross-institutional program in malaria management.

Conclusion: The application of IVM Malaria in Purworejo Regency has not been maximized

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Keywords: Integrated Vector Management; Malaria; Eliminasi

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