DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jkli.24.1.116-123

Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL) Pajanan PM2.5 dan PM10 Pada Pekerja PT. Beton Elemenindo Perkasa Tahun 2024

1Program Studi Sanitasi Lingkungan, Jurusan Kesehatan Lingkungan, Poltekkes Kemenkes Bandung. Jalan Babakan Loa 10A, Cimahi Utara, Kota Cimahi, Indonesia

2Fakultas Ilmu dan Teknologi Kesehatan, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Jln Terusan Jenderal Sudirman Cimahi, Indonesia

Open Access Copyright 2025 Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Latar Belakang: Particulate matter memiliki sifat yang berbahaya karena dapat menembus hingga bagian paru paling dalam dan mengalir di dalam darah. Kematian akibat pekerjaan disebabkan 24% oleh penyakit paru obstruktif. PT. Beton Elemenindo Perkasa pada tahun 2024 melakukan pemeriksaan kepada 175 orang pekerja, didapatkan hasil bahwa terdapat 3 (1,7%) pekerja dengan kapasitas vital paru normal, 164 (93,7%) pekerja dengan kapasitas vital paru restriksi, dan 8 (4,6%) pekerja dengan kapasitas vital paru kombinasi. Tujuan penelitian ini menghitung atau memprediksi risiko kesehatan yang ditimbulkan dari pencemar.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi cross-sectional yang bersifat deskriptif, menggunakan pendekatan metode Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL), yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni hingga Juli 2024 dengan melibatkan 89 responden yang tersebar di 4 lokasi berbeda. Estimasi risiko kesehatan lingkungan dihitung menggunakan nilai Risk Quotient (RQ).

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi rata-rata PM 2.5 sebesar 71,25 µg/m3 dan rata-rata konsentrasi  PM 10 sebesar 217,25 µg/m3. Nilai intake dan RQ tertinggi terdapat pada pekerja Hall B dengan nilai 0,01870 mg/kg/hari dan 2,07779.

Simpulan: Pajanan PM 2.5 konsentrasi maksimal dinilai berisiko terhadap 39 (43,3%) pekerja, meliputi 14 (46,7%) pekerja Hall A dan 25 (69,4%) pekerja Hall B. Dibutuhkan manajemen risiko untuk mengendalikan konsentrasi pajanan PM 2.5 hingga batas konsentrasi aman dengan menggunakan dust net dan dust suspression system.

ABSTRACT

Title: Environmental Health Risk Analysis (EHRA)) of PM2.5 and PM10 Exposure to Workers of PT. Concrete Element Perkasa in 2024

Background: Particulate matter has dangerous properties because it can penetrate to the deepest part of the lungs and flow in the blood. Occupational deaths are caused by 24% of obstructive pulmonary disease. PT. Beton Elemenindo Perkasa in 2024 conducted an examination of 175 workers, the results showed that there were 3 (1.7%) workers with normal lung vital capacity, 164 (93.7%) workers with restricted lung vital capacity, and 8 (4.6%) workers with combined lung vital capacity. The purpose of this study is to calculate or predict the health risks caused by pollutants.

Method: This research is a cross-sectional study with a descriptive design, employing the Environmental Health Risk Analysis (ARKL) approach. It was conducted between June and July 2024, involving 89 respondents across 4 different locations. The estimated environmental health risk is represented by the Risk Quotient (RQ) value.

Result: The results showed that the average concentration of PM 2.5 was 71.25 µg/m3 and the average concentration of PM 10 was 217.25 µg/m3. The highest intake and RQ values were found in Hall B workers with values of 0.01870 mg/kg/day and 2.07779.

Conclusion: Exposure to maximum concentrations of PM 2.5 was considered risky for 39 (43.3%) workers, including 14 (46.7%) Hall A workers and 25 (69.4%) Hall B workers. Risk management is needed to control the concentration of PM 2.5 exposure to safe concentration limits using dust nets and dust suspension systems.

 

Note: This article has supplementary file(s).

Fulltext View|Download |  CTA
Copyrigh Transfer Agreement
Subject
Type CTA
  Download (743KB)    Indexing metadata
 ES
Etichal Statement
Subject
Type ES
  Download (448KB)    Indexing metadata
 Turnitin
Turnitin
Subject
Type Turnitin
  Download (2MB)    Indexing metadata
Keywords: ARKL; PM2.5; PM10

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Research Articles
Language : ID
Recent articles
Association between Air Pollutants and Levels of Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-2 in Purwokerto Informal Workers Review Eutrofikasi: Risiko dalam Kesuburan Lingkungan Perairan dan Upaya Penanggulangannya Model Prediksi Kasus DBD Berdasarkan Perubahan Iklim: Cohort Study dengan Data NASA di Kabupaten Bantul More recent articles
Most cited articles
Hubungan Praktek Personal Hygiene Ibu dan Kondisi Sanitasi Lingkungan Rumah dengan Kejadian Diare pada Balita di Puskesmas Kampung Dalam Kecamatan Pontianak Timur Pengaruh Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu terhadap Penyakit Kecacingan Pada Balita Hubungan Faktor-Faktor Lingkungan Fisik Rumah dengan Kejadian Pneumonia pada Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Jatibarang Kabupaten Brebes Hubungan Paparan Pestisida Pada Masa Kehamilan Dengan Kejadian Berat Badan Bayi Lahir Rendah (BBLR) di Kecamatan Ngablak Kabupaten Magelang Analisis Faktor Risiko Keracunan Pestisida Organofosfat Pada Keluarga Petani Hortikultura di Kecamatan Ngablak Kabupaten Magelang More cited articles
  1. Holman C. Guidance on the assessment of dust from demolition and construction [Internet]. Vol. 1.1. London: Institute of Air Quality Management; 2014. Available from: www.iaqm.co.uk
  2. Kumar P, Morawska L. Recycling concrete: An undiscovered source of ultrafine particles. Atmos Environ [Internet]. 2014;90:51–8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.03.035
  3. Miller SA, Moore FC. Climate and health damages from global concrete production. Nat Clim Chang [Internet]. 2020;10(5):439–43. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0733-0
  4. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Penyakit Akibat Kerja (PAK) [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https://yankes.kemkes.go.id/view_artikel/787/penyakit-akibat-kerja-pak
  5. Norfai, Abdullah. Upaya Peningkatan Penggunaan Masker Terhadap Pekerja Pengolahan Kayu. Pros Hasil-Hasil Pengabdi Kpd Masy Tahun 2018 Dosen-Dosen Univ Islam Kalimantan. 2018;1:482–90
  6. Oktaviani DA, Prasasti CI. The Physical and Chemical Air Quality, Worker’s Characteristics, and Respiratory Symptoms Among Printing Workers in Surabaya. J Kesehat Lingkung. 2016;8(2):195. https://doi.org/10.20473/jkl.v8i2.2016.195-205
  7. US EPA. Particulate Matter (PM) Basics [Internet]. 2023. Available from: https://www.epa.gov/pm-pollution/particulate-matter-pm-basics
  8. Pitaloka AP. Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Pekerja Bagian Produksi Akibat Pajanan Debu di PT. Varia Usaha Beton, Sidoarjo. Universitas Airlangga; 2016
  9. Health and Safety Executive. Work-related ill health and occupational disease in Great Britain [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https://www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/causdis/
  10. International Labour Organisation. Report World Health Organisation, Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury, 2000–2016. 2021
  11. Dirjen PP dan PL. Pedoman Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (Guidance on Environmental Health Risk Analysis). Jakarta: Direktorat Jenderal PP dan PL Kementrian Kesehatan; 2012
  12. Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 22. Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 22 Tahun 2021 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup. 2021
  13. Cole K. Welding and Thermal Cutting Fume – Potential for Occupational Health Issues. 2022
  14. Health A, Corporation S, Health A, Corporation S. Hot-Wire Foam Cutting Exposure Assessment During Theatrical Staging 1640 Boundary Road. 2017;
  15. National Library of Medicine. Styrene [Internet]. 2024. Available from: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Styrene
  16. Proto AR, Zimbalatti G, Negri M. The Measurment And Distribution Of Wood Dust. J Agric Eng. 2010;1(41):25–31. https://doi.org/10.4081/jae.2010.1.25
  17. Mushidah M, Muliawati R. Hubungan Antara Ventilasi Dan Luas Ruangan Dengan Keluhan Gangguan Saluran Pernapasan Pada Pekerja Penggilingan Padi Di Kecamatan Kaliwungu. Jumantik. 2022;8(2):51. https://doi.org/10.29406/jjum.v8i2.3321
  18. Industrial Specialities Mfg. Mesh and Micron Sizes [Internet]. Englewood; 2020. p. 1–7. Available from: https://www.industrialspec.com/images/files/mesh-micron-sizes-chart-ebook-ism.pdf
  19. Kementerian Ketenagakerjaaan. Peraturan Menteri Ketenagakerjaan Nomor 5 Tahun 2018 Tentang Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja Lingkungan Kerja. 2018
  20. Nuryanto N, Melinda S. Identifikasi Sumber Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5 di Sorong Berdasarkan READY Hysplit Backward Trajectory. Bul GAW Bariri. 2023;4(1):11–20. https://doi.org/10.31172/bgb.v4i1.80
  21. US EPA. NAAQS Table [Internet]. 2024. Available from: https://www.epa.gov/criteria-air-pollutants/naaqs-table
  22. Wijaya DS, Rachmawati S. Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan dengan Total Suspended Particulate Sebagai Risk Agent di Area Produksi Industri Manufaktur (Studi Kasus PT X Sukoharjo Jawa Tengah). J Ilmu Lingkung. 2024;22(3):678–86. https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.22.3.678-686
  23. Bowman J, Buckett K, Marco P Di, Hana L, Langley A. Environmental Health Risk Management: Guidelines for assessing human health risks from environmental hazards. Australia; 2012
  24. Antari IGAD, Permadi AW, Darmawijaya IP. Hubungan Masa Kerja terhadap Daya Tahan Kardiorespirasi (VO2Max) pada Pekerja Penyapu Jalan. J Kesehatan, Sains dan Teknol. 2022;1(2):185–94. https://doi.org/10.36002/js.v1i2.2327
  25. Pratiwi AF, Jatmiko SW, Nursanto D, Basuki SW. Hubungan Usia Dan Merokok Terhadap Nilai Kapasitas Vital Paksa (KVP) pada Pasien PPOK Stabil Di BBKPM Surakarta. Proceeding Book National Symposium and Workshop Continuing Medical Education XIV
  26. Pitten L, Brüggmann D, Dröge J, Braun M, Groneberg DA. TAPaC—tobacco-associated particulate matter emissions inside a car cabin: establishment of a new measuring platform. J Occup Med Toxicol [Internet]. 2022;17(1):1–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12995-022-00359-x
  27. Ariyanto A. Analisis Kapasitas Vital Paru, Kadar Hemoglobin, dan Saturasi Oksigen Perkokok Konvensional dan Perokok Elektrik pada Warga Desa Srobyong Kecamatan Mlongo Kabupaten Jepara [Internet]. Universitas Negeri Semarang. 2019. Available from: http://lib.unnes.ac.id/40223/1/UPLOAD TESIS ANDHIKA.pdf
  28. US EPA. Exposure Assessment Tools by Routes - Inhalation [Internet]. 2024. Available from: https://www.epa.gov/expobox/exposure-assessment-tools-routes-inhalation#:~:text=For example%2C inhalation rates will,%2C behavior%2C and activity levels
  29. Abidin AU, Henita N, Rahmawati S, Maziya FB. Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Paparan Debu Terhadap Fungsi Paru Pada Pekerja Di Home Industry C-Max. J Sains &Teknologi Lingkung. 2021;13(1):34–9. https://doi.org/10.20885/jstl.vol13.iss1.art3
  30. Kurniawidjaja LM, Lestari F, Tejamaya M, Ramdhan DH. Konsep Dasar Toksikologi Industri. 1st ed. Mochtar I, Pujiriani I, Kadir A, editors. Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia. Depok: Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia; 2021. 1–181 p
  31. American Lung Association. Pulmonary Fibrosis Types and Causes [Internet]. 2024. Available from: https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/pulmonary-fibrosis/introduction/types-causes-and-risk-factors
  32. Kurniawidjaja LM, Ramadhan DH. Buku Ajar Penyakit Akibat Kerja Dan Surveilans. Jakarta: UI Publishing; 2019
  33. American Lung Association. Learn About Silicosis [Internet]. 2024. Available from: https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/silicosis/learn-about-silicosis
  34. Desdiani. Penyakit Paru Akibat Kerja. Bandung: CV. Media Sains Indonesia; 2023. 161 p

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2025-02-10 13:11:30

No citation recorded.