Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL) Pajanan PM2.5 dan PM10 Pada Pekerja PT. Beton Elemenindo Perkasa Tahun 2024

Elanda Fikri, Davina Rheina Dewi, Lela Juariah


DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jkli.67628

Abstract


Latar Belakang: Particulate matter memiliki sifat yang berbahaya karena dapat menembus hingga bagian paru paling dalam dan mengalir di dalam darah. Kematian akibat pekerjaan disebabkan 24% oleh penyakit paru obstruktif. PT. Beton Elemenindo Perkasa pada tahun 2024 melakukan pemeriksaan kepada 175 orang pekerja, didapatkan hasil bahwa terdapat 3 (1,7%) pekerja dengan kapasitas vital paru normal, 164 (93,7%) pekerja dengan kapasitas vital paru restriksi, dan 8 (4,6%) pekerja dengan kapasitas vital paru kombinasi. Tujuan penelitian ini menghitung atau memprediksi risiko kesehatan yang ditimbulkan dari pencemar.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi cross-sectional yang bersifat deskriptif, menggunakan pendekatan metode Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL), yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni hingga Juli 2024 dengan melibatkan 89 responden yang tersebar di 4 lokasi berbeda. Estimasi risiko kesehatan lingkungan dihitung menggunakan nilai Risk Quotient (RQ).

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi rata-rata PM 2.5 sebesar 71,25 µg/m3 dan rata-rata konsentrasi  PM 10 sebesar 217,25 µg/m3. Nilai intake dan RQ tertinggi terdapat pada pekerja Hall B dengan nilai 0,01870 mg/kg/hari dan 2,07779.

Simpulan: Pajanan PM 2.5 konsentrasi maksimal dinilai berisiko terhadap 39 (43,3%) pekerja, meliputi 14 (46,7%) pekerja Hall A dan 25 (69,4%) pekerja Hall B. Dibutuhkan manajemen risiko untuk mengendalikan konsentrasi pajanan PM 2.5 hingga batas konsentrasi aman dengan menggunakan dust net dan dust suspression system.

ABSTRACT

Title: Environmental Health Risk Analysis (EHRA)) of PM2.5 and PM10 Exposure to Workers of PT. Concrete Element Perkasa in 2024

Background: Particulate matter has dangerous properties because it can penetrate to the deepest part of the lungs and flow in the blood. Occupational deaths are caused by 24% of obstructive pulmonary disease. PT. Beton Elemenindo Perkasa in 2024 conducted an examination of 175 workers, the results showed that there were 3 (1.7%) workers with normal lung vital capacity, 164 (93.7%) workers with restricted lung vital capacity, and 8 (4.6%) workers with combined lung vital capacity. The purpose of this study is to calculate or predict the health risks caused by pollutants.

Method: This research is a cross-sectional study with a descriptive design, employing the Environmental Health Risk Analysis (ARKL) approach. It was conducted between June and July 2024, involving 89 respondents across 4 different locations. The estimated environmental health risk is represented by the Risk Quotient (RQ) value.

Result: The results showed that the average concentration of PM 2.5 was 71.25 µg/m3 and the average concentration of PM 10 was 217.25 µg/m3. The highest intake and RQ values were found in Hall B workers with values of 0.01870 mg/kg/day and 2.07779.

Conclusion: Exposure to maximum concentrations of PM 2.5 was considered risky for 39 (43.3%) workers, including 14 (46.7%) Hall A workers and 25 (69.4%) Hall B workers. Risk management is needed to control the concentration of PM 2.5 exposure to safe concentration limits using dust nets and dust suspension systems.

 


Keywords


ARKL; PM2.5; PM10

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