1Program Studi S1 Kesehatan Masyarakat, STIKES Griya Husada Sumbawa, Nusa Tenggara Barat 84312, Indonesia
2Program Studi S1 Keperawatan, STIKES Griya Husada Sumbawa, Nusa Tenggara Barat 84312, Indonesia
BibTex Citation Data :
@article{JKLI78923, author = {Herni Hasifah and Nikodimus Rinenggantyas}, title = {Investigasi dan Pemetaan Resistensi Nyamuk Anopheles di Wilayah Endemik di Kabupaten Sumbawa}, journal = {Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia}, volume = {25}, number = {1}, year = {2026}, keywords = {Kesehatan Masyarakat; Malaria; Pemetaan dan Resistensi.}, abstract = { Latar belakang: Malaria merupakan penyakit yang ditularkan melalui vektor dan hingga kini masih menjadi salah satu persoalan utama kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Penyakit ini ditandai dengan angka kesakitan dan kematian yang relatif tinggi serta berpotensi memicu terjadinya Kejadian Luar Biasa (KLB). Indonesia termasuk dalam kelompok negara endemis yang masih melaporkan satu atau lebih kasus indigenous setiap tahunnya. Berdasarkan data tahun 2019, tercatat bahwa 67% dari total kematian akibat malaria terjadi pada anak-anak berusia di bawah lima tahun, dengan tingkat kematian sebesar 10 per 100.000 penduduk yang tergolong berisiko. Keberhasilan program pengendalian vektor sangat bergantung pada pelaksanaannya yang didasarkan pada data serta informasi yang akurat mengenai karakteristik vektor, kondisi lingkungan tempat berkembangbiaknya, dan perilaku masyarakat di wilayah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan analisis dan pemetaan resistensi Anopheles terhadap guna pengendalian malaria di wilayah endemik kabupaten Sumbawa. Metode: Desain penelitian menggunakan desain observasional dan survei entomologi dengan uji resistensi insektisida. Penelitian dilakukan di seluruh desa yang ada di Kecamatan Ropang sebagai wilayah endemis malaria dan dilakukan pada bulan Mei - September 2025. Pengambilan jentik dilakukan dengan metode larva dipping menggunakan gayung standar dan uji resistensi menggunakan WHO standard bioassay dengan kertas impregnasi Bendiocarb 80%. Hasil: Hasil uji bioassay menunjukan bahwa populasi Anhopeles dari Desa Ranan, Desa Lebin dan Lebangkar masih berada pada kategori rentan terhadap insektisida Bendiocarb 80% dengan tingkat mortalitas konsisten di atas 98%. Sedangkan populasi Anhopeles dari Desa Ropang, Desa Lawin dan titik tambang di Desa Ranan menunjukkan adanya resistensi terutama pada dosis rendah hingga menengah, meskipun pada konsentrasi tertinggi respon mortalitas meningkat hingga kategori rentan. Simpulan : Terdapat variasi spasial pola resistensi yang penting untuk dipertimbangkan dalam strategi pengendalian malaria berbaris IRS dan manajemen rotasi insektisida di wilayah penelitian. ABSTRACT Title: Investigation and Mapping of Anopheles Mosquito Resistance in Endemic Areas in Sumbawa Regency Background: Malaria is a vector-borne disease and remains one of the major public health issues in Indonesia. This disease is characterized by relatively high morbidity and mortality rates and has the potential to trigger an outbreak. Indonesia is among the endemic countries that still report one or more indigenous cases each year. Based on 2019 data, 67% of total malaria deaths occurred in children under five years of age, with a mortality rate of 10 per 100,000 at-risk residents. The success of vector control programs is highly dependent on their implementation based on accurate data and information regarding vector characteristics, the environmental conditions in which they breed, and the behavior of the community in the area. This study aims to analyze and map Anopheles resistance for malaria control in the endemic area of Sumbawa district. Method: The study design used observational and entomological survey methods with insecticide resistance testing. The study was conducted in all villages in the Ropang subdistrict, an endemic malaria area, from May to September 2025. Larvae were collected using the larval dipping method with a standard dipper, and resistance testing was conducted using the WHO standard bioassay with 80% Bendiocarb impregnated paper. Result: Bioassay results show that the Anopheles populations in Ranan Village, Lebin Village, and Lebangkar Village are still vulnerable to Bendiocarb 80% insecticide, with mortality rates consistently above 98%. Meanwhile, the Anopheles populations from Ropang Village, Lawin Village, and the mining site in Ranan Village showed resistance, especially at low to medium doses, although at the highest concentration, the mortality response increased to the susceptible category.. Conclusion : There are spatial variations in resistance patterns that are important to consider in IRS malaria control strategies and insecticide rotation management in the study area. }, issn = {2502-7085}, pages = {28--38} doi = {10.14710/jkli.78923}, url = {https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/jkli/article/view/78923} }
Refworks Citation Data :
Latar belakang: Malaria merupakan penyakit yang ditularkan melalui vektor dan hingga kini masih menjadi salah satu persoalan utama kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Penyakit ini ditandai dengan angka kesakitan dan kematian yang relatif tinggi serta berpotensi memicu terjadinya Kejadian Luar Biasa (KLB). Indonesia termasuk dalam kelompok negara endemis yang masih melaporkan satu atau lebih kasus indigenous setiap tahunnya. Berdasarkan data tahun 2019, tercatat bahwa 67% dari total kematian akibat malaria terjadi pada anak-anak berusia di bawah lima tahun, dengan tingkat kematian sebesar 10 per 100.000 penduduk yang tergolong berisiko. Keberhasilan program pengendalian vektor sangat bergantung pada pelaksanaannya yang didasarkan pada data serta informasi yang akurat mengenai karakteristik vektor, kondisi lingkungan tempat berkembangbiaknya, dan perilaku masyarakat di wilayah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan analisis dan pemetaan resistensi Anopheles terhadap guna pengendalian malaria di wilayah endemik kabupaten Sumbawa.
Metode: Desain penelitian menggunakan desain observasional dan survei entomologi dengan uji resistensi insektisida. Penelitian dilakukan di seluruh desa yang ada di Kecamatan Ropang sebagai wilayah endemis malaria dan dilakukan pada bulan Mei - September 2025. Pengambilan jentik dilakukan dengan metode larva dipping menggunakan gayung standar dan uji resistensi menggunakan WHO standard bioassay dengan kertas impregnasi Bendiocarb 80%.
Hasil: Hasil uji bioassay menunjukan bahwa populasi Anhopeles dari Desa Ranan, Desa Lebin dan Lebangkar masih berada pada kategori rentan terhadap insektisida Bendiocarb 80% dengan tingkat mortalitas konsisten di atas 98%. Sedangkan populasi Anhopeles dari Desa Ropang, Desa Lawin dan titik tambang di Desa Ranan menunjukkan adanya resistensi terutama pada dosis rendah hingga menengah, meskipun pada konsentrasi tertinggi respon mortalitas meningkat hingga kategori rentan.
Simpulan: Terdapat variasi spasial pola resistensi yang penting untuk dipertimbangkan dalam strategi pengendalian malaria berbaris IRS dan manajemen rotasi insektisida di wilayah penelitian.
ABSTRACT
Title: Investigation and Mapping of Anopheles Mosquito Resistance in Endemic Areas in Sumbawa Regency
Background: Malaria is a vector-borne disease and remains one of the major public health issues in Indonesia. This disease is characterized by relatively high morbidity and mortality rates and has the potential to trigger an outbreak. Indonesia is among the endemic countries that still report one or more indigenous cases each year. Based on 2019 data, 67% of total malaria deaths occurred in children under five years of age, with a mortality rate of 10 per 100,000 at-risk residents. The success of vector control programs is highly dependent on their implementation based on accurate data and information regarding vector characteristics, the environmental conditions in which they breed, and the behavior of the community in the area. This study aims to analyze and map Anopheles resistance for malaria control in the endemic area of Sumbawa district.
Method: The study design used observational and entomological survey methods with insecticide resistance testing. The study was conducted in all villages in the Ropang subdistrict, an endemic malaria area, from May to September 2025. Larvae were collected using the larval dipping method with a standard dipper, and resistance testing was conducted using the WHO standard bioassay with 80% Bendiocarb impregnated paper.
Result: Bioassay results show that the Anopheles populations in Ranan Village, Lebin Village, and Lebangkar Village are still vulnerable to Bendiocarb 80% insecticide, with mortality rates consistently above 98%. Meanwhile, the Anopheles populations from Ropang Village, Lawin Village, and the mining site in Ranan Village showed resistance, especially at low to medium doses, although at the highest concentration, the mortality response increased to the susceptible category..
Conclusion: There are spatial variations in resistance patterns that are important to consider in IRS malaria control strategies and insecticide rotation management in the study area.
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