Analysis of the Difference between Iron Supplementation Program and Primary Healthcare Center in Kendal

Abstract

Abstrak

Berdasarkan SDKI survei terakhir tahun 2007 AKI Indonesia sebesar 228 per 100.000 Kelahiran Hidup. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah anemia. Untuk mengatasi masalah anemia kekurangan zat besi pada ibu hamil pemerintah Depkes RI sejak tahun 1970 telah melaksanakan suatu program pemberian tablet zat besi pada ibu hamil di seluruh Puskesmas dan Posyandu. Kenyataannya program tersebut sulit dilaksanakan, ditunjukan dengan hasil cakupan di Kendal 53,2 %. Berdasarkan hasil prasurvey disampaikan bahwa satu tahun terakhir belum ada monitoring program, Standar operasional prosedur belum ada, dana yang disediakan untuk program belum mencukupi, baru 40% dana yang tersedia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis implementasi program suplementasi tablet besi ibu hamil di puskesmas wilayah Dinas Kesehatan Kendal.

Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif eksploratif yang dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif dan menggunakan analisis konten. Informan utama yaitu 4 orang petugas gizi di Puskesmas dan informan triangulasi yaitu 4 orang Pimpinan Puskesmas, 2 orang pembuat kebijakan dari DKK Semarang dan 4 orang ibu hamil.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi program suplementasi tablet besi ibu hamil di puskesmas dengan cakupan tinggi dan rendah tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan. Demi kesinambungan program dan mencapai tujuan perlu adanya pembahasan permasalahan dan selanjutnya keputusan di SK kan dan disosialisasikan.

Abstract

Based on the last SDKI survey in 2007, Indonesian maternal mortality rate (AKI) was 228/100000 live-births. One of causes of maternal death was anemia. To solve iron deficiency anemia problems on pregnant women, Indonesian Ministry of Health had implemented iron tablet distribution program to pregnant women in all puskesmas (primary healthcare center) and posyandu (integrated health services post) since 1970. In reality, that program was difficult to implement; it was shown by the fact that coverage of iron tablet distribution in Kendal was only 53.2%. Results of preliminary survey showed that no monitoring program was performed during the last year, no standard operating procedure was formulated, and funding provided for the program was insufficient; the available funding was only 40%. Objective of this study was to analyze the implementation of iron tablet supplementation program for pregnant women in the work area of Kendal district health office.

This was a descriptive-explorative study with qualitative method, and using content analysis method. Main informants were 4 nutritional staffs in puskesmas. Triangulation informants were 4 heads of puskesmas, 2 policy makers from Semarang city health office, and 4 pregnant women.

Results of the study showed that implementation of iron tablet supplementation for pregnant women in the puskesmas with high and low iron tablet coverage indicated no significant difference.

For the continuity of the program and to attain the objective, discussions on the problems are needed; then decisions are legitimated by issuing decrees and conducting socialization.