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Lifestyle Factors Associated with Premenstrual Syndrome among Female Students Islamic Boarding School

*Lu'lu Nafisah orcid  -  Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Indonesia
Farah Dwi Radistya  -  Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Indonesia
Leni Maryati  -  Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Indonesia
Open Access Copyright (c) 2026 Authors
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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Abstract

Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is one of the most common reproductive health problems among female adolescents. Lifestyle-related factors, including dietary habits, physical activity, sleep quality, and psychological stress, are considered modifiable determinants of PMS. This study aims to analyze the association between these lifestyle-related factors and PMS among female adolescents in an Indonesian Islamic boarding school, which remains underexplored in previous research.

Method: This quantitative cross-sectional study involved 90 female adolescents residing at Al-Amin Islamic Boarding School, Banyumas Regency, Indonesia. Respondents were selected using simple random sampling. PMS was assessed using the Shortened Premenstrual Assessment Form (SPAF), while lifestyle variables (fast-food consumption, physical activity, sleep quality, and perceived stress) were measured using standardized questionnaires. Data analyses employed descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and multiple logistic regression, with statistical significance determined at p<0.05.

Result: The findings showed a high prevalence of severe PMS at 55.6%. Bivariate analysis indicated significant associations between fast-food consumption (p=0.040), sleep quality (p=0.001), stress level (p<0.001), and PMS, whereas physical activity was not significantly related to PMS (p=0.508). Multiple logistic regression identified poor sleep quality (AOR=3.867; 95%CI:1.465–10.204) and high stress level (AOR=6.468; 95%CI:1.883–22.223) as independent predictors of PMS, with stress representing the strongest determinant. These findings suggest that interventions focusing on stress management and sleep improvement should be incorporated into adolescent reproductive health promotion programs, particularly in Islamic boarding school settings.

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Keywords: Female adolescents, Lifestyle, Premenstrual syndrome, Sleep quality, Stress

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