Effect of Precursors Concentration on The Optical and Photoelectrochemical Properties of Bi₂S₃/TiO₂ Nanotubes Arrays Photoanode Synthesized by the SILAR Technique

Eko Martin Sinaga; Muhammad Iqbal Syauqi; Jarnuzi Gunlazuardi

doi:10.14710/jksa.27.6.265-270

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.27.6.265-270

Effect of Precursors Concentration on The Optical and Photoelectrochemical Properties of Bi₂S₃/TiO₂ Nanotubes Arrays Photoanode Synthesized by the SILAR Technique

Eko Martin Sinaga

, Muhammad Iqbal Syauqi

, Jarnuzi Gunlazuardi

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia, Depok, 16424, Indonesia

Received: 13 Jan 2024; Revised: 8 May 2024; Accepted: 28 May 2024; Published: 30 Jun 2024.

BibTex Citation Data :

@article{JKSA61451,
    author = {Eko Martin Sinaga and Muhammad Iqbal Syauqi and Jarnuzi Gunlazuardi},
    title = {Effect of Precursors Concentration on The Optical and Photoelectrochemical Properties of Bi₂S₃/TiO₂ Nanotubes Arrays Photoanode Synthesized by the SILAR Technique},
    journal = {Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi},
  volume = {27},
    number = {6},
    year = {2024},
    keywords = {Bi₂S₃; Precursor concentration; SILAR; TiO₂ NTs},
    abstract = { The use of robust solar energy-driven photocatalysis materials to address the global energy and environmental crisis has gained significant attention in recent years. However, the wide band gaps in many robust semiconductor photocatalysts hinder their absorption of visible light from the solar spectrum. To address this issue, the modification of the large band gap semiconductor with the lower band gap material using the Successive Ionic Layers Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) technique has emerged as an economical, accessible, and reproducible method for depositing nanoscale materials onto semiconductor substrates. This research aims to know how the concentration variation of cation and anion precursors in the SILAR technique affects the optical and photoelectrochemical properties of the resulting composite materials. Bi₂S₃ serves as a modifier for TiO₂ nanotube arrays (NTAs). The result shows that the cation-anion concentration ratio of 1:1.5 mM with five SILAR cycles gives the best photoelectrochemical performance, with a stable current density of 0.12 mA/cm², compared to pristine TiO₂ NTAs the current density of Bi₂S₃/TiO₂ NTAs is 15-fold. In addition, at each variation, the concentration ratio of cation and anion precursors decreases bandgap energy with each increase in the SILAR cycle. },
   issn = {2597-9914},   pages = {265--270}  doi = {10.14710/jksa.27.6.265-270},
    url = {https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/ksa/article/view/61451}
}

Citation Format:

Abstract

The use of robust solar energy-driven photocatalysis materials to address the global energy and environmental crisis has gained significant attention in recent years. However, the wide band gaps in many robust semiconductor photocatalysts hinder their absorption of visible light from the solar spectrum. To address this issue, the modification of the large band gap semiconductor with the lower band gap material using the Successive Ionic Layers Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) technique has emerged as an economical, accessible, and reproducible method for depositing nanoscale materials onto semiconductor substrates. This research aims to know how the concentration variation of cation and anion precursors in the SILAR technique affects the optical and photoelectrochemical properties of the resulting composite materials. Bi₂S₃ serves as a modifier for TiO₂ nanotube arrays (NTAs). The result shows that the cation-anion concentration ratio of 1:1.5 mM with five SILAR cycles gives the best photoelectrochemical performance, with a stable current density of 0.12 mA/cm², compared to pristine TiO₂ NTAs the current density of Bi₂S₃/TiO₂ NTAs is 15-fold. In addition, at each variation, the concentration ratio of cation and anion precursors decreases bandgap energy with each increase in the SILAR cycle.

Fulltext View|Download Email colleagues

Keywords: Bi₂S₃; Precursor concentration; SILAR; TiO₂ NTs

Article Metrics:

Article Info

Section: Research Articles

Language : EN

In Vol 27, No 6 (2024): Volume 27 Issue 6 Year 2024

Most cited articles

Studi Pendahuluan tentang Enkapsulasi Vitamin C dalam Liposom Kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.) Isolation of Flavonoid Compounds from Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) and Antioxidant Tests with DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl) Method Sintesis Zeolit A dan Kemungkinan Penggunaannya Sebagai Penukar Kation Sintesis 3-(3,4-Dimetoksi Fenil)-1-Propanol Melalui Hidroborasi Metileugenol Menggunakan H3B:Dietileter Analisis Pangan: Penentuan Angka Peroksida dan Asam Lemak Bebas pada Minyak Kedelai dengan Variasi Menggoreng More cited articles

Tanzim Ur Rahman, Hridoy Roy, Athkia Fariha, Afrina Zaman Shoronika, Md Rashid Al-Mamun, Syed Z. Islam, Md Shahinoor Islam, Hadi M. Marwani, Aminul Islam, Abdulmohsen K. D. Alsukaibi, Mohammed M. Rahman, Md Rabiul Awual, Progress in plasma doping semiconductor photocatalysts for efficient pollutant remediation and hydrogen generation, Separation and Purification Technology, 320, (2023), 124141 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2023.124141
Ghaferah H. Al-Hazmi, Moamen S. Refat, Khaled F. Alshammari, Khadiza Tul Kubra, Ahmed Shahat, Efficient toxic doxorubicin hydrochloride removal from aqueous solutions using facial alumina nanorods, Journal of Molecular Structure, 1272, (2023), 134187 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134187
Md Shad Salman, Md Chanmiya Sheikh, Md Munjur Hasan, Md Nazmul Hasan, Khadiza Tul Kubra, Ariyan Islam Rehan, Mrs Eti Awual, Adiba Islam Rasee, R. M. Waliullah, Mohammed Sohrab Hossain, Md Abdul Khaleque, Abdulmohsen K. D. Alsukaibi, Hamed M. Alshammari, Md Rabiul Awual, Chitosan-coated cotton fiber composite for efficient toxic dye encapsulation from aqueous media, Applied Surface Science, 622, (2023), 157008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2023.157008
Ankit Kumar Vishwakarma, Ajaya Kumar Sharma, Ashok Kumar Mishra, Lallan Yadava, A titanium dioxide-based thick film gas sensor for propanol, Materials Letters: X, 17, (2023), 100184 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlblux.2023.100184
Sry Wahyuni, Syukri Syukri, Syukri Arief, Green synthesis of Ag/TiO2 Nanocomposite Assisted by Gambier Leaf (Uncaria gambir Roxb) Extract, Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi, 22, 6, (2019), 250-255 https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.22.6.250-255
Wanbiao Hu, Liping Li, Guangshe Li, Yun Liu, Ray L. Withers, Atomic-scale control of TiO6 octahedra through solution chemistry towards giant dielectric response, Scientific Reports, 4, (2014), 6582 https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06582
Sherly Kasuma Warda Ningsih, Muhammad Iqbal Syauqi, Rahmat Wibowo, Jarnuzi Gunlazuardi, Effect of potential variation on morphology and photoelectrochemical properties of TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNAs) by two-step anodization method, Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, 54, 4, (2024), 739-756 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-023-01999-5
I. A. T. Gaia, E. V. Guimarães, P. I. S. Maia, H. D. Mikhail, M. S. da Luz, A. C. A. S, R. S. Silva, Synthesis and investigation of optical and structural properties of Bi2O3/Bi2S3 nanoparticles in an aqueous solution, Physica B: Condensed Matter, 662, (2023), 414947 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2023.414947
Minghua Wang, Longyu Yang, Jinyun Yuan, Linghao He, Yingpan Song, Hongzhong Zhang, Zhihong Zhang, Shaoming Fang, Heterostructured Bi2S3@NH2-MIL-125(Ti) nanocomposite as a bifunctional photocatalyst for Cr(VI) reduction and rhodamine B degradation under visible light, RSC Advances, 8, 22, (2018), 12459-12470 https://doi.org/10.1039/C8RA00882E
Qingyao Wang, Zhiyuan Liu, Rencheng Jin, Ying Wang, Shanmin Gao, SILAR preparation of Bi2S3 nanoparticles sensitized TiO2 nanotube arrays for efficient solar cells and photocatalysts, Separation and Purification Technology, 210, (2019), 798-803 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2018.08.050
Abrar Ahmad, Fatih Tezcan, Gurbet Yerlikaya, Rehman Zia ur, Halime Paksoy, Gülfeza Kardaş, Three dimensional rosette-rod TiO2/Bi2S3 heterojunction for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 868, (2021), 159133 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.159133
P. Sreedev, V. Rakhesh, N. S. Roshima, Balakrishnan Shankar, Preparation of Zinc Oxide Thin films by SILAR method and its Optical analysis, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1172, (2019), 012024 https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1172/1/012024
Xinli Li, Xueyang Han, Di Zhu, Yongchao Chen, Lihua Li, Zhanhong Ma, Yongjun Gu, Fengzhang Ren, Jinliang Huang, Improvement of photoelectric properties of TiO2/Bi2S3 composite film by annealing treatment, Optical Materials, 91, (2019), 101-107 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2019.03.015
B. R. Sankapal, R. S. Mane, C. D. Lokhande, Successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method for the deposition of large area (∼10 cm2) tin disulfide (SnS2) thin films, Materials Research Bulletin, 35, 12, (2000), 2027-2035 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-5408(00)00405-0
Ines Khemissi, Lotfi Khezami, Khaled Trabelsi, Ahlem Guesmi, Abdessalem Kouki, John Kiwi, Brahim Bessais, Sami Rtimi, Anouar Hajjaji, Stable Ta2O5 nanotubes decorated by PbS by the SILAR method for photocatalytic dye degradation, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 444, (2023), 114937 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114937
Hawraa Sabah Hreo, Araa Mebdir Holi, Asla Abdullah Al-Zahrani, Asmaa Kadim Ayal, M. R. Almamari, Highly crystalline anatase TiO2 nanotubes array films enhanced with Bi2S3 for photoelectrochemical applications, Bulletin of Materials Science, 45, 4, (2022), 205 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-022-02781-7
Samantha Prabath Ratnayake, Jiawen Ren, Elena Colusso, Massimo Guglielmi, Alessandro Martucci, Enrico Della Gaspera, SILAR Deposition of Metal Oxide Nanostructured Films, Small, 17, 49, (2021), 2101666 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202101666
F. K. An'nur, B. V. Wihelmina, J. Gunlazuardi, R. Wibowo, Tandem system of dyes sensitized solar cell–photo electro chemical (DSSC-PEC) employing TiO2 nanotube/BiOBr as dark cathode for nitrogen fixation, AIP Conference Proceedings, 2243, (2020), 020002 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0001100
Prita Amelia, Jarnuzi Gunlazuardi, Development of BiOBr/TiO2 nanotubes electrode for conversion of nitrogen to ammonia in a tandem photoelectrochemical cell under visible light, International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 12, 4, (2023), 702-710 https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2023.51314
Teressa Binte Mohsin, S. M. Abidul Islam, Tahmina Tabassum Tonni, M. M. Rhaman, Analysis of conductivity and band-gap energy of bismuth ferrite nanoparticles as prospective photovoltaic material, Materials Today: Proceedings, (2023), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2023.01.330
Naeimeh Sadat Peighambardoust, Shahin Khameneh Asl, Raheleh Mohammadpour, Shahab Khameneh Asl, Band-gap narrowing and electrochemical properties in N-doped and reduced anodic TiO2 nanotube arrays, Electrochimica Acta, 270, (2018), 245-255 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2018.03.091
Mahnaz Darrudi, Hossein Tavakol, Mohamad Mohsen Momeni, Electrochemical co-deposition of cobalt and graphene, produced from recycled polypropylene, on TiO2 nanotube as a new catalyst for photoelectrochemical water splitting, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 48, 9, (2023), 3495-3510 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.10.145
T. Raguram, K. S. Rajni, Synthesis and characterisation of Cu - Doped TiO2 nanoparticles for DSSC and photocatalytic applications, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 47, 7, (2022), 4674-4689 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.11.113
Zhi Wu, Ding Yuan, Sheng Lin, Wenxi Guo, Dongping Zhan, Lan Sun, Changjian Lin, Enhanced photoelectrocatalytic activity of Bi2S3–TiO2 nanotube arrays hetero-structure under visible light irradiation, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 45, 56, (2020), 32012-32021 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.08.258
J. L. Qiao, Q. Y. Wang, J. X. Ye, Y. K. Xiao, Enhancing photoelectrochemical performance of TiO2 nanotube arrays by CdS and Bi2S3 co-sensitization, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 319-320, (2016), 34-39 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2015.12.020

Last update:

Contemporary Progress on Multifarious Coordination Polymers for Organocatalytic, Sensing and Energy Mimetic Applications
Shankab J. Phukan, Suraj Goswami, Neeraj K. Sah, Pranshu K. Gupta, Abhishek Rai, Tapas Ghatak, Chandni Pathak, Manas Roy, Ranjith Krishna Pai, Lallan Mishra, Somenath Garai. Materials Today Energy, 2024. doi: 10.1016/j.mtener.2024.101703
Contemporary progress on multifarious coordination polymers for organocatalytic, sensing, and energy-mimetic applications
Shankab J. Phukan, Suraj Goswami, Neeraj K. Sah, Pranshu K. Gupta, Abhishek Rai, Tapas Ghatak, Chandni Pathak, Manas Roy, Ranjith Krishna Pai, Lallan Mishra, Somenath Garai. Materials Today Energy, 46 , 2024. doi: 10.1016/j.mtener.2024.101703

Last update: 2026-09-14 19:21:00

No citation recorded.

As an article writer, the author has the right to use their article for various purposes, including use by institutions that employ the author or institutions that provide funding for the research. These author rights are granted without special permission.

Authors who publish a paper in JKSA have broad rights to use their work for teaching and scientific purposes without the need to request permission, including: (i) teaching in the author's class or institution; (ii) presenting the work at meetings or conferences and distributing copies to participants; (iii) using the work in training conducted by the author or the author's institution; (iv) distributing copies to colleagues for research purposes; (v) using the work in the compilation of subsequent works by the author; (vi) including the work in a thesis or dissertation; (vii) reusing part of the article in another work, with appropriate citation; (viii) preparing derivative works, with appropriate citation; and (ix) voluntarily posting the work on open websites operated by the author or the author's institution for scientific purposes, in accordance with the CC BY-SA License.

Authors and readers may copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, and may remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, provided that they give appropriate credit by citing the article or its content, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

The authors submitting a manuscript do so on the understanding that, if accepted for publication, the copyright of the article shall be assigned to Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi (JKSA). Copyright encompasses the rights to reproduce and distribute the article in all forms and media, including reprints, photographs, microfilms, and any other similar reproductions, as well as translations.

Reproducing any part of this journal, storing it in a database, or transmitting it in any form or medium is permitted without written permission from JKSA. However, the original source must be properly cited in accordance with academic conventions.

JKSA, the Chemistry Department of Diponegoro University, and the Editor make every effort to ensure that no inaccurate, false, or misleading data, opinions, or statements are published in JKSA. However, the content of each article is the sole and exclusive responsibility of its authors.

The Copyright Transfer Form can be downloaded here: [Copyright Transfer Form - Indonesian] [Copyright Transfer Form - English]. The copyright form should bear the authors' original signatures and be sent to the Editor as a printed document, a scanned document sent via email, or by fax.

Prof. Adi Darmawan, Ph.D (Editor in Chief)

Editor in chief of Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi (JKSA)

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Jl. Prof. Soedarto, Kampus Undip Tembalang, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia 50275
Email: jksa@live.undip.ac.id