DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.28.1.31-38

Synthesis of TiO₂/Hydroxyapatite Composite Based on Chicken Egg Shells for Methylene Blue Photodegradation

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia

Received: 7 Aug 2024; Revised: 1 Jan 2025; Accepted: 8 Jan 2025; Published: 31 Jan 2025.
Open Access Copyright 2025 Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.

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Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) was synthesized using low-cost eggshell waste and employed as a composite support material for a TiO2 photocatalyst. The TiO2/HAp composite was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and a surface area analyzer (SAA). XRD analysis confirmed the presence of TiO2/HAp, revealing a crystallite size of 9.42 nm. The FTIR spectra further verified the characteristic peaks of TiO2/HAp, corresponding to those of TiO2 and HAp. BET-BJH analysis indicated that the surface area followed the trend TiO2 > TiO2/HAp > HAp trend, while the pore volume and diameter followed the HAp > TiO2 > TiO2/HAp. The photocatalytic activity of TiO2/HAp in methylene blue degradation was evaluated using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, demonstrating excellent performance. The TiO2/HAp composite achieved a 99.10% photodegradation of 20 ppm methylene blue within 120 minutes, with an adsorption capacity of 8.3078 mg/g. The photodegradation efficiency for 40 ppm methylene blue was 86.47%, with an adsorption capacity of 13.6335 mg/g. These results confirm that HAp effectively inhibits the electron recombination process in TiO2, thereby enhancing its photocatalytic performance. This study highlights the potential of HAp for developing cost-effective and high-efficiency TiO2-based photocatalysts, offering a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to water purification.

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Keywords: hydroxyapatite; TiO2; photodegradation; adsorption; methylene blue

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Section: Research Articles
Language : EN
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