Synthesis of TiO₂/Hydroxyapatite Composite Based on Chicken Egg Shells for Methylene Blue Photodegradation

Dhea Annisa Zein; F. Widhi Mahatmanti; Sri Wahyuni; Nuni Widiarti

doi:10.14710/jksa.28.1.31-38

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.28.1.31-38

Synthesis of TiO₂/Hydroxyapatite Composite Based on Chicken Egg Shells for Methylene Blue Photodegradation

Dhea Annisa Zein , F. Widhi Mahatmanti

, Sri Wahyuni

, Nuni Widiarti

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia

Received: 7 Aug 2024; Revised: 1 Jan 2025; Accepted: 8 Jan 2025; Published: 31 Jan 2025.

BibTex Citation Data :

@article{JKSA65759,
    author = {Dhea Annisa Zein and F. Widhi Mahatmanti and Sri Wahyuni and Nuni Widiarti},
    title = {Synthesis of TiO₂/Hydroxyapatite Composite Based on Chicken Egg Shells for Methylene Blue Photodegradation},
    journal = {Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi},
  volume = {28},
    number = {1},
    year = {2025},
    keywords = {hydroxyapatite; TiO2; photodegradation; adsorption; methylene blue},
    abstract = { Hydroxyapatite (HAp) was synthesized using low-cost eggshell waste and employed as a composite support material for a TiO 2  photocatalyst. The TiO 2 /HAp composite was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and a surface area analyzer (SAA). XRD analysis confirmed the presence of TiO 2 /HAp, revealing a crystallite size of 9.42 nm. The FTIR spectra further verified the characteristic peaks of TiO 2 /HAp, corresponding to those of TiO 2  and HAp. BET-BJH analysis indicated that the surface area followed the trend TiO 2  > TiO 2 /HAp > HAp trend, while the pore volume and diameter followed the HAp > TiO 2  > TiO 2 /HAp. The photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 /HAp in methylene blue degradation was evaluated using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, demonstrating excellent performance. The TiO 2 /HAp composite achieved a 99.10% photodegradation of 20 ppm methylene blue within 120 minutes, with an adsorption capacity of 8.3078 mg/g. The photodegradation efficiency for 40 ppm methylene blue was 86.47%, with an adsorption capacity of 13.6335 mg/g. These results confirm that HAp effectively inhibits the electron recombination process in TiO 2 , thereby enhancing its photocatalytic performance. This study highlights the potential of HAp for developing cost-effective and high-efficiency TiO 2 -based photocatalysts, offering a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to water purification. },
   issn = {2597-9914},   pages = {31--38}  doi = {10.14710/jksa.28.1.31-38},
    url = {https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/ksa/article/view/65759}
}

Citation Format:

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) was synthesized using low-cost eggshell waste and employed as a composite support material for a TiO₂ photocatalyst. The TiO₂/HAp composite was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and a surface area analyzer (SAA). XRD analysis confirmed the presence of TiO₂/HAp, revealing a crystallite size of 9.42 nm. The FTIR spectra further verified the characteristic peaks of TiO₂/HAp, corresponding to those of TiO₂ and HAp. BET-BJH analysis indicated that the surface area followed the trend TiO₂ > TiO₂/HAp > HAp trend, while the pore volume and diameter followed the HAp > TiO₂ > TiO₂/HAp. The photocatalytic activity of TiO₂/HAp in methylene blue degradation was evaluated using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, demonstrating excellent performance. The TiO₂/HAp composite achieved a 99.10% photodegradation of 20 ppm methylene blue within 120 minutes, with an adsorption capacity of 8.3078 mg/g. The photodegradation efficiency for 40 ppm methylene blue was 86.47%, with an adsorption capacity of 13.6335 mg/g. These results confirm that HAp effectively inhibits the electron recombination process in TiO₂, thereby enhancing its photocatalytic performance. This study highlights the potential of HAp for developing cost-effective and high-efficiency TiO₂-based photocatalysts, offering a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to water purification.

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Keywords: hydroxyapatite; TiO2; photodegradation; adsorption; methylene blue

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Section: Research Articles

Language : EN

In Vol 28, No 1 (2025): Volume 28 Issue 1 Year 2025

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