Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Cimahi, Indonesia
BibTex Citation Data :
@article{JKSA82796, author = {Hestiary Ratih and Jessie Sofia Pamudji and Fikri Alatas and Viska Elvira Alawiyani and Nur Achsan Al-Hakim}, title = {Physicochemical and Mechanical Characterization of Meloxicam-Fumaric Acid Co-Crystals Synthesized by Ultrasound-Assisted Solution Method}, journal = {Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi}, volume = {29}, number = {6}, year = {2026}, keywords = {Meloxicam; Fumaric Acid; Co-crystal; USSC; Mechanical Properties; Direct Compression}, abstract = { Meloxicam (MLX) is a class II BCS non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with low solubility and manufacturing challenges due to its needle-like crystal habit, which causes poor flowability and high elasticity. These mechanical characteristics often trigger capping and lamination during direct compression. This study aims to perform physicochemical characterization and mechanical property evaluation of MLX co-crystals with fumaric acid (FUM) co-former, synthesized using the ultrasound-assisted solution co-crystallization (USSC) method. The co-crystals were synthesized at a 1:1 molar ratio in ethanol solvent using ultrasonication. Characterization was performed using a polarizing microscope, PXRD, DSC, and FTIR, followed by evaluation of flow properties, compressibility, and tabletability. The results of PXRD, DSC, and FTIR analyses confirmed the formation of a new co-crystal phase via intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions. A morphological transformation was observed from a needle habit to a more isodiametric or plate-like habit. The MLX-FUM co-crystal showed significant improvements in flow rate (0.134 g/sec), angle of repose (33.86°), and compressibility index (38.92%) compared to pure MLX. Tabletability analysis showed a fivefold increase in tensile strength (2.70 MPa) at a pressure of approximately 2.94 MPa (30 kg/cm 2 ), which correlated with a decrease in elastic recovery from 3.18% to 1.96%. This study concludes that co-crystal synthesis by USSC holistically improves the mechanical profile of MLX, showing an improved mechanical profile that demonstrates potential for tablet manufacturing processes using the direct compression method. }, issn = {2597-9914}, pages = {433--440} doi = {10.14710/jksa.29.6.433-440}, url = {https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/ksa/article/view/82796} }
Refworks Citation Data :
Meloxicam (MLX) is a class II BCS non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with low solubility and manufacturing challenges due to its needle-like crystal habit, which causes poor flowability and high elasticity. These mechanical characteristics often trigger capping and lamination during direct compression. This study aims to perform physicochemical characterization and mechanical property evaluation of MLX co-crystals with fumaric acid (FUM) co-former, synthesized using the ultrasound-assisted solution co-crystallization (USSC) method. The co-crystals were synthesized at a 1:1 molar ratio in ethanol solvent using ultrasonication. Characterization was performed using a polarizing microscope, PXRD, DSC, and FTIR, followed by evaluation of flow properties, compressibility, and tabletability. The results of PXRD, DSC, and FTIR analyses confirmed the formation of a new co-crystal phase via intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions. A morphological transformation was observed from a needle habit to a more isodiametric or plate-like habit. The MLX-FUM co-crystal showed significant improvements in flow rate (0.134 g/sec), angle of repose (33.86°), and compressibility index (38.92%) compared to pure MLX. Tabletability analysis showed a fivefold increase in tensile strength (2.70 MPa) at a pressure of approximately 2.94 MPa (30 kg/cm2), which correlated with a decrease in elastic recovery from 3.18% to 1.96%. This study concludes that co-crystal synthesis by USSC holistically improves the mechanical profile of MLX, showing an improved mechanical profile that demonstrates potential for tablet manufacturing processes using the direct compression method.
Article Metrics:
Last update:
As an article writer, the author has the right to use their articles for various purposes, including use by institutions that employ authors or institutions that provide funding for research. Author rights are granted without special permission.
Author who publishes a paper at JKSA has the broad right to use their work for teaching and scientific purposes without the need to ask permission, including: used for (i) teaching in the author's class or institution, (ii) presentation at meetings or conferences and distributing copies to participants ; (iii) training conducted by the author or author's institution; (iv) distribution to colleagues for research use; (v) use in the compilation of subsequent authors' works; (vi) inclusion in a thesis or dissertation; (vi) reuse of part of the article in another work (with citation); (vii) preparation of derivative works (with citation); (viii) voluntary posting on open websites operated by authors or author institutions for scientific purposes (follow the CC BY-SA License).
Authors and readers can copy and redistribute material in any media or format, and mix, modify, and build material for any purpose but they must provide appropriate credit (provide article citation or content), providing links to the license, and indicate if there are changes.
The authors submitting a manuscript do so on the understanding that if accepted for publication, copyright of the article shall be assigned to Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi (JKSA). Copyright encompasses rights to reproduce and deliver the article in all form and media, including reprints, photographs, microfilms and any other similar reproductions, as well as translations.
Reproduce any part of this journal, its storage in the database or its transmission by all forms or media is permitted does not need for written permission from JKSA. However, it should be cited as an honor in academic manners
JKSA and the Chemistry Department of Diponegoro University and the Editor make every effort to ensure that there are no data, opinions, or false or misleading statements published in JKSA. However, the content of the article is the sole and exclusive responsibility of each author.
The Copyright Transfer Form can be downloaded here: [Copyright Transfer Form - Indonesian] [Copyright Transfer Form - English]. The copyright form should be signed originally and send to the Editor in the form of printed letters, scanned documents sent via email or fax.
Adi Darmawan, Ph.D (Editor in Chief)
Editor in chief of Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi (JKSA)
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University
Visitor: View My Stats
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi is indexed in:
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
