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Pengaruh Faktor Biologis dan Sosial Ekonomi Terhadap Kejadian Gondok di Kismantoro Wonogiri

Bagian Gizi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia

Received: 16 Dec 2020; Revised: 3 Apr 2021; Accepted: 28 Apr 2021; Available online: 1 Jun 2021; Published: 19 Jun 2021.
Open Access Copyright (c) 2021 MEDIA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/.

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Gondok merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Kecamatan Kismantoro kabupaten Wonogiri merupakan salah satu daerah endemik kekurangan iodium dan telah diketahui lebih dari setengah abad yang lalu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor biologis dan sosial ekonomi terhadap kejadian gondok di Kismantoro, Wonogiri.

Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan kasus kontrol. Data dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner pada orang yang telah diketahui menderita gondok dan tidak sebagai kontrol.  Data yang diambil meliputi faktor biologis dan sosial ekonomi. Jumlah subjek penelitian sebanyak 38 orang .

Hasil : Penderita gondok sebanyak 55.3%, umur terbanyak diatas 50 tahun 57.9%, jenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 86.8%, riwayat gondok dalam keluarga 23.7%, pendidikan rendah 73.7%, pekerjaan sebagai petani 60.5% dan pendapatan rendah 63.2%.  Uji Fisher menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0.001).

Simpulan: Faktor biologis dan faktor sosial ekonomi mempengaruhi kejadian gondok di Kismantoro.

Kata kunci: gondok,  Kismantoro, Wonogiri, faktor biologis, faktor sosial ekonomi


ABSTRACT

Title: The  Influence of Biological and Socioeconomic Factors on The Event Of Endemic Goiter  In Kismantoro, Wonogiri

 Background: Endemic goiter is a public health problem in Indonesia. Kismantoro sub-district, Wonogiri at Central Java is one of these endemic area. It has been known for a long time, around five decades. This study was aimed at analyzing the influence of biological and socioeconomic factors on the event  of endemic goiter.

Method: The study is an observational analytic with case control design.A specially designed questionnaires was used to collect the data. Data on biological socioeconomic factors were taken from 38 subjects.

Result: Subjects with goiter 55.3 %, 57.9% of subjects with goiter aged >50 y, and 86.8% are females, 23.7% have history of endemic goiter in their families, working as farmer 60.5%, lower education in 73.7%, and lower incomes in 63.2%.  Fisher test showed significant result (p<0.001)

Conclusion: Biological and socioeconomic factors aggravate endemic goiter in Kismantoro , Wonogiri.

 

Keywords: goiter, Kismantoro, Wonogiri, biological factor, socioeconomic factor

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Keywords: gondok; Kismantoro; Wonogiri; faktor biologis; faktor sosial ekonomi

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