DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/mkmi.21.1.53-62

Hubungan Durasi Tidur, Kualitas Tidur, Faktor Stress, dan Night Eating Syndrome dengan Preferensi Makanan pada Mahasiswa Universitas Diponegoro

Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Received: 10 Aug 2021; Revised: 2 Jan 2022; Accepted: 10 Jan 2022; Available online: 1 Feb 2022; Published: 8 Apr 2022.
Open Access Copyright (c) 2022 MEDIA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/.

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Mahasiswa merupakan kelompok usia dewasa awal yang memiliki aktivitas padat. Aktifitas yang padat dapat mempengaruhi waktu dan kualitas tidur, tingkat stress, kebiasaan makan di malam hari, dan preferensi makanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan durasi tidur, kualitas tidur, faktor stress, Night Eating Syndrome (NES), dan preferensi makan mahasiswa.

Metode: Penelitian di Kota Semarang ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan jumlah subjek sebanyak 105 orang mahasiswa Universitas Diponegoro. Sampel dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data yang diambil adalah data durasi tidur, kualitas tidur, faktor stress, Night Eating Syndrome, dan preferensi makan. Instrumen yang digunakan meliputi Night Eating Diagnostic Syndrome, Food Preference for Adolescents and Adults, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index dan Depression, dan Anxiety and Stress Scale 42 (DASS 42). Analisis data meliputi analisis univariat (distribusi frekuensi), bivariat (uji korelasi), dan multivariat (multiple logistic regression).

Hasil: Sebagian besar subjek penelitian memiliki preferensi terhadap makanan tinggi energi, karbohidrat, lemak, dan natrium (81,9%; 77,1%; 69,5%; 86,7%). Sebagian besar subjek penelitian tidak memiliki preferensi terhadap makanan tinggi protein dan serat (68,6% dan 74,3%). Preferensi terhadap makanan tinggi karbohidrat diprediksi oleh IMT (p=0,004;OR=4,400), preferensi makanan tinggi lemak diprediksi oleh durasi tidur (p=0,045;OR=0,276) dan NES (p=0,009;OR=3,478), preferensi terhadap makanan tinggi serat diprediksi oleh durasi tidur (p=0,001;OR=0,090) dan kualitas tidur (p=0,004;OR=9,463), sedangkan preferensi tinggi natrium diprediksi oleh jenis kelamin (p=0,016; OR=8,613) dan NES (p=0,041; OR=0,201). Faktor stres tidak berhubungan dengan preferensi makanan tinggi energi, karbohidrat, lemak, protein, serat, dan natrium.

Simpulan: Durasi tidur dan kualitas tidur berhubungan dengan preferensi makan mahasiswa, tetapi faktor stres tidak berhubungan dengan preferensi makan mahasiswa. Jenis kelamin, IMT, dan NES juga merupakan faktor yang berhubungan dengan preferensi makan mahasiswa.

Kata Kunci: durasi tidur; kualitas tidur; NES; preferensi makanan

 

ABSTRACT

Title: Correlation between Sleep Duration, Sleep Quality, Stress Factor, and Night Eating Syndrome, With Food Preferences of Universitas Diponegoro College Students

Background: Students are an early adult age group that has a dense activity. Dense activity can affect on sleep time and quality, stress levels, night eating behavior, and food preferences. This study aims to analyze the relationship between sleep duration, sleep quality, stress factors, Night Eating Syndrome (NES), and student eating preferences.

Methods: This study was located in Semarang City. This study used a cross-sectional design with a total of 105 students from Diponegoro University as a subject. The sample was selected by purposive sampling technique. The data collected were sleep duration, sleep quality, stress factors, Night Eating Syndrome, and eating preferences. The instruments used include the Night Eating Diagnostic Syndrome, Food Preference for Adolescents and Adults, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Depression, and the Anxiety and Stress Scale 42 (DASS 42). Data analysis includes univariate (frequency distribution), bivariate (correlation test), and multivariate (multiple logistic regression) analysis.

Results: Most of them prefer foods high in energy, carbohydrates, fat, and sodium (81.9%; 77.1%; 69.5%; 86.7%). Most of the research subjects did not prefer foods high in protein and fiber (68.6% and 74.3%). Preference for high-carbohydrate food predicted by BMI (p=0.004; OR=4,400), preference for high-fat food predicted by sleep duration (p=0.045;OR=0.276) and NES (p=0.009;OR=3.478), preference for food high fiber predicted by sleep duration (p=0.001;OR=0.090) and sleep quality (p=0.004;OR=9.463), while high sodium preference predicted by gender (p=0.016; OR=8.613) and NES (p= 0.041; OR = 0.201). Stress factors were not correlated with food preferences high in energy, carbohydrates, fat, protein, fiber, and sodium.

Conclusion: Sleep duration and sleep quality are related to students eating preferences, but stress factors were not related to students' eating preferences. Gender, BMI, and NES are also related to students eating preferences.

Keywords: sleep duration; sleep quality; NES; food preferences

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Keywords: durasi tidur; kualitas tidur; NES; preferensi makanan

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