DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/mkmi.22.4.238-244

Kajian Literatur Alternatif Pengendalian Vektor Aedes spp. menggunakan Ekstrak Pepaya (Carica papaya Lin.) di Indonesia

Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

Received: 5 Jun 2023; Revised: 29 Jun 2023; Accepted: 5 Jul 2023; Available online: 1 Aug 2023; Published: 28 Aug 2023.
Open Access Copyright (c) 2023 MEDIA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/.

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Abstract

Latar belakang: Dengue masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di Indonesia. Munculnya resistensi dan dampak negatif pengunaan insektisida sintesis, menjadi tantangan dalam pengendalian vektor dengue. Ekstrak tanaman pepaya merupakan salah satu alternatif insektisida yang lebih aman dan ramah lingkungan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan pemanfaatan ekstrak tanaman pepaya sebagai alternative pengendalian vektor dengue.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan metode literature review. Pencarian literatur menggunakan keyword berdasarkan sumber. Literatur bersumber dari Scopus, Pubmed, Google Scholar, dan Garuda yang diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi. Hasil seleksi literatur menghasilkan 5 studi yang termasuk dalam kriteria inklusi.

Hasil: Ekstrak tanaman pepaya mengandung alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, tannin, glikosida, dan triterpenoid/steroid yang bersifat larvasida. Perbedaan pengunaan bagian tanaman dan solven ekstraksi menunjukkan kandungan fitokimia yang berbeda. Modifikasi pada ekstrak menunjukkan peningkatan potensi ekstrak sebagai agen biolarvasida.

Simpulan: Ekstrak pepaya merupakan alternative insektisida yang efektif yang cara kerja dan kandungan ekstrak bergantung pada bagian tanaman dan solven yang digunakan. Modifikasi pada ekstrak dapat meningkatkan efektifitas biolarvasida.

Kata kunci: Aedes spp.; pengendalian; larvasida; ekstrak; pepaya; Indonesia

 

Title: Alternative Literature Review of Aedes spp. Vector Control using Papaya Extract (Carica papaya Lin.) in Indonesia

Background: Dengue is still a health problem in Indonesia. The emergence of resistance and the negative impact of using synthetic insecticides are challenges in controlling dengue vectors. Papaya plant extract is an alternative insecticide that is safer and more environmentally friendly. This study aims to describe the utilization of papaya plant extract as an alternative for dengue vector control.

Method: This study is descriptive and employs a literature review methodology. Based on the sources, conduct a keyword-based literature search. Scopus, Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Garuda were chosen based on inclusion criteria to provide the literature. The results of the literature review led to the incorporation of five studies that met the inclusion criteria.

Result: The papaya plant extract contains larvicidal alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, triterpenoids, and steroids. The use of various plant parts and solvents for extraction reveals distinct phytochemical compositions. The modification of the extract increases the extract's potential as a biolarvicidal agent.

Conclusion: Papaya extract is an alternative insecticide whose mode of action and chemical composition are dependent on the plant part and solvent used. The efficacy of the biolarvacide can be increased through the modification of the extract.

Keywords: Aedes spp.; control; larvacide; extract; papaya; Indonesia

 

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Keywords: Aedes spp.; pengendalian; larvasida; ekstrak; pepaya; Indonesia

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Section: Literature Review
Language : ID
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