DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/mkmi.22.4.238-244

Kajian Literatur Alternatif Pengendalian Vektor Aedes spp. menggunakan Ekstrak Pepaya (Carica papaya Lin.) di Indonesia

Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

Received: 5 Jun 2023; Revised: 29 Jun 2023; Accepted: 5 Jul 2023; Available online: 1 Aug 2023; Published: 28 Aug 2023.
Open Access Copyright (c) 2023 MEDIA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/.

Citation Format:
Abstract

Latar belakang: Dengue masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di Indonesia. Munculnya resistensi dan dampak negatif pengunaan insektisida sintesis, menjadi tantangan dalam pengendalian vektor dengue. Ekstrak tanaman pepaya merupakan salah satu alternatif insektisida yang lebih aman dan ramah lingkungan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan pemanfaatan ekstrak tanaman pepaya sebagai alternative pengendalian vektor dengue.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan metode literature review. Pencarian literatur menggunakan keyword berdasarkan sumber. Literatur bersumber dari Scopus, Pubmed, Google Scholar, dan Garuda yang diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi. Hasil seleksi literatur menghasilkan 5 studi yang termasuk dalam kriteria inklusi.

Hasil: Ekstrak tanaman pepaya mengandung alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, tannin, glikosida, dan triterpenoid/steroid yang bersifat larvasida. Perbedaan pengunaan bagian tanaman dan solven ekstraksi menunjukkan kandungan fitokimia yang berbeda. Modifikasi pada ekstrak menunjukkan peningkatan potensi ekstrak sebagai agen biolarvasida.

Simpulan: Ekstrak pepaya merupakan alternative insektisida yang efektif yang cara kerja dan kandungan ekstrak bergantung pada bagian tanaman dan solven yang digunakan. Modifikasi pada ekstrak dapat meningkatkan efektifitas biolarvasida.

Kata kunci: Aedes spp.; pengendalian; larvasida; ekstrak; pepaya; Indonesia

 

Title: Alternative Literature Review of Aedes spp. Vector Control using Papaya Extract (Carica papaya Lin.) in Indonesia

Background: Dengue is still a health problem in Indonesia. The emergence of resistance and the negative impact of using synthetic insecticides are challenges in controlling dengue vectors. Papaya plant extract is an alternative insecticide that is safer and more environmentally friendly. This study aims to describe the utilization of papaya plant extract as an alternative for dengue vector control.

Method: This study is descriptive and employs a literature review methodology. Based on the sources, conduct a keyword-based literature search. Scopus, Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Garuda were chosen based on inclusion criteria to provide the literature. The results of the literature review led to the incorporation of five studies that met the inclusion criteria.

Result: The papaya plant extract contains larvicidal alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, triterpenoids, and steroids. The use of various plant parts and solvents for extraction reveals distinct phytochemical compositions. The modification of the extract increases the extract's potential as a biolarvicidal agent.

Conclusion: Papaya extract is an alternative insecticide whose mode of action and chemical composition are dependent on the plant part and solvent used. The efficacy of the biolarvacide can be increased through the modification of the extract.

Keywords: Aedes spp.; control; larvacide; extract; papaya; Indonesia

 

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Aedes spp.; pengendalian; larvasida; ekstrak; pepaya; Indonesia

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Literature Review
Language : ID
Recent articles
Gambaran Pengetahuan dan Persepsi Kebutuhan Antenatal Care (ANC) terhadap Kecemasan pada Calon Ibu (Hamil) Pasca Pandemi COVID-19 (PP-CV19) di Puskesmas Poncol Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan Mahasiswa terhadap Penggunaan Daun Jambu Biji sebagai Pengobatan Diare Efektivitas Penyelenggaraan Kebijakan Deteksi Dini Kanker Serviks dan Payudara di Puskesmas Kecamatan Kebayoran Lama Kajian Literatur Alternatif Pengendalian Vektor Aedes spp. menggunakan Ekstrak Pepaya (Carica papaya Lin.) di Indonesia More recent articles
Most cited articles
Rokok, Pola Pemasaran dan Perilaku Merokok Siswa SMA/Sederajat di Kota Semarang Analisis Karakteristik Lingkungan Pada Kejadian Leptospirosis di Kabupaten Demak Jawa Tengah Tahun 2009 Perilaku Wanita Pekerja Seks dalam Pencegahan Infeksi Menular Seksual (Studi Kualitatif Pada Anak Asuh di Lokalisasi Gembol, Sukosari, Bawen, Kabupaten Semarang) Perilaku Wanita Pekerja Seks dalam Pencegahan Infeksi Menular Seksual (Studi Kualitatif Pada Anak Asuh di Lokalisasi Gembol, Sukosari, Bawen, Kabupaten Semarang) More cited articles
  1. Benelli G, Mehlhorn H. Mosquito-borne Diseases: Implications for Public Health [Internet]. Vol. 10, Parasitology Research Monographs. 2018
  2. Service M. Medical entomology for students, fourth edition. Medical Entomology for Students, Fourth Edition. 2008. 1–301 hal
  3. WHO. Comprehensive guidelines for prevention and control of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever [Internet]. WHO Regional Publication SEARO. 2011. 159–168 hal
  4. Farrar J, Hotez P, Junghanss T, Kang G, Lallo D, White N. Manson ’ s Tropical Diseases. 23 ed. 2013. 1–1360 hal
  5. Du M, Jing W, Liu M, Liu J. The Global Trends and Regional Differences in Incidence of Dengue Infection from 1990 to 2019 : An Analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study. Infect Dis Ther [Internet]. 2021;10(3):1625–43. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-021-00470-2
  6. Chakraborty T. Deadly Diseases and Epidemics: Dengue Fever and Other Hemorrhagic Viruses. Vol. 1, Goldmans Cecil Medicine. 2008. 103 hal
  7. Narang J, Khanuja M. Small Bite, Big Threat : Deadly Infections Transmitted by Aedes Mosquitos. Narang J, Khanujang M, editor. Singapore: Jenny Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd.; 2020. 287 hal
  8. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Petunjuk Teknis Implementasi PSN 3M-PLUS Dengan Gerakan 1 Rumah 1 Jumantik. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. 2016
  9. Bhatia R, Dash A, Sunyoto T. Changing epidemiology of dengue in South-East Asia. WHO South-East Asia J Public Heal. 2013;2(1):23
  10. Kemenkes RI. Panduan Pengendalian Demam Berdarah Degue Di Indonesia. Vol. 5, Kementerian Kesehatan RI. 2017
  11. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Situasi Penyakit Demam Berdarah Di Indonesia 2017 [Internet]. Vol. 31, Journal of Vector Ecology. 2018. hal. 71–8
  12. Kementrian Kesehatan. Profil Kesehatan Indoensia 2018. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2019
  13. Kementerian Kesehatan. profil kesehatan Indonesia 2019. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2020
  14. KEMENKES RI. Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2020 [Internet]. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2021
  15. Harapan H, Michie A, Mudatsir M, Sasmono RT, Imrie A. Epidemiology of dengue hemorrhagic fever in Indonesia: Analysis of five decades data from the National Disease Surveillance. BMC Res Notes [Internet]. 2019;12(1):4–9. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-019-4379-9
  16. Demirak MŞŞ, Canpolat E. Plant-Based Bioinsecticides for Mosquito Control: Impact on Insecticide Resistance and Disease Transmission. Insects. 2022;13(2):1–24
  17. Anggraito YU, Susanti R, Iswari RS, Yuniastuti A, Lisdiana, WH N, et al. Metabolit Sekunder Dari Tanaman : Aplikasi dan Produksi. Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Negeri Semarang. 2018. Hlm. 25-28
  18. Sporleder M, Lacey LA. Biopesticides [Internet]. Insect Pests of Potato: Global Perspectives on Biology and Management. Elsevier Inc.; 2012. 463–497 hal. Tersedia pada: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-386895-4.00016-8
  19. Hayatie L, Biworo A, Suhartono E. Aqueous Extracts of Seed and Peel of Carica Papaya Against Aedes Aegypti. J Med Bioeng. 2015;4(5):417–21
  20. Saran PL, Solanki IS, Choudhary R. Papaya: Biology, Cultivation, Production and Uses. CRC press; 2016. 1–14 hal
  21. Putu IA, I.A I, Sulistyorini E. Papaya (Carica papaya L.) [Internet]. universitas gadjah Mada. 2008 [dikutip 21 Februari 2023]. Tersedia pada: https://ccrc.farmasi.ugm.ac.id/?page_id=477
  22. Prasetya AT, Mursiti S, Maryan S, Jati NK. Isolation and Identification of Active Compounds from Papaya Plants and Activities as Antimicrobial. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng. 2018;349(1)
  23. Wahyuni D. New Bioinsecticide Granules Toxin from Ectract of Papaya (Carica Papaya) Seed and Leaf Modified Against Aedes Aegypti Larvae. Procedia Environ Sci. 2015;23:323–8
  24. Adayani WS, Subahar R, Fatmawaty, Slamet. Effect of treatment using Carica papaya seed extract with Ag–TiO 2 nanocomposite on the mortality of Aedes aegypti larvae. J Phys Conf Ser [Internet]. Agustus 2018;1073(3):32035
  25. Ilham R, Lelo A, Harahap U, Widyawati T, Siahaan L. The effectivity of ethanolic extract from papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.) as an alternative larvacide to Aedes spp [Internet]. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences; 2019 hal. 3395–9
  26. Dhenge NF, Pakan P, Lidia K. Larvacide effectiveness of Papaya leaf extract (Carica papaya) on the mortality of larvae vector of Dengue hemorrhagic fever caused by Aedes aegypti [Internet]. Vol. 913, 4th International Conference on Bioscience and Biotechnology, ICBB 2021. IOP Publishing Ltd; 202
  27. B.K. T. Advances in vector mosquito control technologies, with perticular reference to herbal products. In: Veer V, Gopalakrishnan R, editor. Herbal insecticed, repellents, biomedicines: effective and commercialization. new delhi: springer; 2016
  28. W. Ningsi E, Yuniar N, F Fachlevy A. Efektivitas uji daya bunuh ekstrak daun pepaya (carica papaya l.) Terhadap larva nyamuk anopheles aconitus donits dalam upaya pencegahan penyakit malaria di daerah persawahan desa lalonggombu kecamatan andoolo kabupaten konawe selatan. jurnla Ilm Mahsiswa Kesehat Masy unsyiah. 2016;1(3):1–10
  29. K O, Pattabhiramaiah M. evaluation of phytochemicals larvacidal activity of jatropha curcas seed oil against aedes aegypti. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2012;2(5):395–400
  30. Sv TL, T PN. Larvicidal activity of Syzygium polyanthum W . leaf extract against Aedes aegypti L larvae Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of Mulawarman University , Samarinda , East Borneo , Indonesia. Prog Heal Sci [Internet]. 2015;5(1):2015
  31. Ariviolii T, John R, Tennyson S. larvacidal efficacy of plant extract againts the malaria vector anopheles stephensi liston. world J Med Sci. 2012;7(2)
  32. Verdiana M, Widarta IWR, Permana IDGM. Pengaruh Jenis Pelarut Pada Ekstraksi Menggunakan Gelombang Ultrasonik Terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Kulit Buah Lemon (Citrus limon (Linn.) Burm F.). J Ilmu dan Teknol Pangan. 2018;7(4):213
  33. Kumalasari E dan Musiam S. Perbandingan Pelarut Etanol-Air Dalam Proses Ekstraksi Daun Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine Palmifolia Linn) Terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan Dengan Metode Dpph. J Insan Farmasi Indonesia.2019;2(1)
  34. Syazana N, Porusia M. kajian literatur Efektivitas Biolarvasida Ekstrak Daun Sirsak Terhadap Jentik Nyamuk Aedes aegypt. Environ Occup Heal Saf J •. 2022;2(2)
  35. Ningsih EW, Yuniar N, Fachlevy AF. Efektivitas Uji Daya Bunuh Ekstrak Daun Pepaya (Carica Papaya L.) Terhadap Larva Nyamuk Anopheles Aconitus Donits Dalam Upaya Pencegahan Penyakit Malaria Di Daerah Persawahan Desa Lalonggombu Kecamatan Andoolo Kabupaten Konawe Selatan.J ilmiah Mahaiswa Kesehatan Masyarakat Unsyiah.2016;1(3)

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2024-11-21 00:42:34

No citation recorded.