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PINJAMAN MENGIKAT DAN BENTURAN KEBIJAKAN TINGKAT KOMPONEN DALAM NEGERI PADA PENGADAAN PEMERINTAH INDONESIA
Copyright (c) 2023 Masalah-Masalah Hukum License URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Abstract
Pinjaman luar negeri merupakan alternatif pembiayaan pengadaan pemerintah. Salah satu isu pengadaan yang didanai pinjaman adalah pinjaman mengikat (tied aid) yang berbenturan dengan kebijakan Tingkat Komponen Dalam Negeri. Penelitian normatif-empiris ini menemukan bahwa tied aid perlu dipilah menjadi dua karakteristik yaitu yang kental (concentrated tied aid) dan yang cair (diluted tied aid). Concentrated tied aid kerap terjadi di bilateral loan, sedangkan diluted tied aid lebih banyak terjadi di multilateral loan. Pinjaman dari Asian Development Bank dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai diluted tied aid karena karakter Asian Development Bank sebagai multilateral donor, dan kelonggarannya dalam isu Tingkat Komponen Dalam Negeri. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwasanya kecenderungan pemberi pinjaman berkarakteristik tied aid bukan berarti pinjaman tersebut dapat digolongkan demikian. Selain itu, pemerintah Indonesia juga telah memiliki strategi menghadapi tied aid.
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