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MANIFESTASI STRUKTUR KELUARGA BESAR PADA GUNA RUANG DOMESTIK HUNIAN MULTIGENERASI

Mirra Kamila Ismail orcid  -  Department of Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia
*Arina Hayati orcid  -  Department of Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia
Purwanita Setijanti orcid  -  Department of Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia

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Abstract

Hunian multigenerasi di Indonesia merupakan suatu fenomena berhuni yang lazim ditemukan karena manifestasi dari budaya struktur keluarga besar dan nilai kekerabatan. Struktur keluarga tersebut terdiri dari keluarga inti generasi tengah yang tinggal bersama dengan lansia. Suatu struktur keluarga dapat dimanifestasikan lewat guna ruang domestik yang terjadi dalam hunian, sehingga guna ruang domestik pada hunian multigenerasi dapat diobservasi melalui sistem aktivitas dan sistem pengaturan latarnya. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan mengidentifikasi okupansi ruang tiap generasi dalam hunian berdasar aktivitas domestik yang dilakukan. Terdapat perbedaan antara aktivitas domestik pada hunian multigenerasi dengan aktivitas domestik yang terjadi pada hunian keluarga inti. Salah satunya ketika aktivitas makan dan menonton tv cenderung sebagai kelompok aktivitas personal daripada aktivitas berkumpul bersama keluarga. Kemudian, aktivitas personal dan berkumpul yang terjadi pada hunian multigenerasi banyak terjadi pada ruang- ruang yang dinegosiasikan kegunaanya, sehingga ditemukan aktivitas domestik multigenerasi yang okupansinya tidak hanya dilakukan pada ruang yang spesifik. Seperti aktivitas personal juga dapat dilakukan di ruang tamu, aktivitas berkumpul multigenerasi dapat dilakukan di kamar, serta ruang tengah sebagai latar dari banyak aktivitas juga merupakan ruang keluarga. Oleh karena itu, konsep negosiasi ruang yang terjadi pada hunian multigenerasi dapat menjadi pertimbangan atas kebutuhan ruang pada luas lahan yang terbatas dengan melihat ruang sebagai suatu latar yang mampu mewadahi beragam aktivitas domestik.

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Keywords: budaya; domestik; negosiasi ruang; struktur keluarga

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