DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/politika.14.2.2023.253-268

Kepentingan China sebagai Aktor di Balik Rekonsiliasi Hubungan Arab Saudi dan Iran

Program Studi Ilmu-Ilmu Humaniora, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia

Open Access Copyright (c) 2023 Politika: Jurnal Ilmu Politik under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/.

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Abstract

Tulisan ini menjelaskan tentang kepentingan China di Timur Tengah, khususnya terhadap Arab Saudi dan Iran. Tujuan artikel ini untuk memahami lebih dalam kepentingan apa yang melatarbelakangi China yang menjadikan dirinya sebagai mediator dalam rekonsiliasi hubungan antara Arab Saudi - Iran. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitis, yaitu mendeskripsikan terlebih dahulu materi pembahasan dan kemudian dianalisis. Adapun teori yang digunakan adalah kepentingan nasional, yang terdiri dari kepentingan pertahanan, kepentingan ekonomi, kepentingan tatanan dunia, dan kepentingan ideologi. Penelitian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa pada kepentingan pertahanan, China memiliki kepentingan untuk memperkuat aliansi militer sekaligus penjualan senjata kepada Saudi-Iran. Pada kepentingan ekonomi, Saudi-Iran merupakan sumber utama penghasil minyak, gas dan energi serta lahan strategis untuk investasi bagi China. Dalam kepentingan tatanan dunia, menjalin kerja sama dengan Saudi-Iran tentu membuat eksistensi China di dunia internasional semakin besar. Terakhir, China membutuhkan dukungan Saudi-Iran dalam memerangi Uyghur yang merupakan kelompok Islam.

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Keywords: kepentingan China; kepentingan nasional; politik luar negeri; Arab Saudi; Iran

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