PEMBUATAN RESIN PHENOL FORMALDEHID TERHADAP APLIKASINYA SEBAGAI VERNIS

Nur Rokhati; Aji Prasetyaningrum

doi:10.14710/reaktor.12.1.42-47

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.12.1.42-47

PEMBUATAN RESIN PHENOL FORMALDEHID TERHADAP APLIKASINYA SEBAGAI VERNIS

*Nur Rokhati - Jurusan Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik UNDIP Semarang, Indonesia

Aji Prasetyaningrum - Jurusan Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik UNDIP Semarang, Indonesia

Published: 8 Apr 2008.

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Abstract

Phenol formaldehid termasuk kelompok resin sintetis yang dihasilkan dari reaksi polimerisasi antara phenol dengan formaldehid. Ada dua jenis resin phenol formaldehid yaitu : novolak yang bersifat termoplast dan resol yang bersifat termoset. Phenol formaldehid dapat diaplikasikan sebagai vernis karena dapat membentuk lapisan film yang kering.Penelitian dilakukan dengan mereaksikan phenol dan formaldehid dengan pH dan perbandingan mol bervariasi. Jenis novolak dibuat pada suasana asam dengan penambahan HCl, suhu 90⁰C, dan waktu reaksi 5 jam, sedangkan jenis resol dibuat pada suasana basa dengan penambahan NaOH, suhu 80⁰C dan waktu reaksi 3 jam. Hasil resin phenol formaldehid diaplikasikan sebagai vernis pada kayu jati. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan bertambahnya pH dan perbandingan reaktan, waktu kering semakin lama. Kondisi optimum jenis novolak diperoleh pada pH 2,5 dan perbandingan reaktan 1 : 0,8, sedangkan untuk jenis resol dicapai pada pH 10 dan perbandingan mol reaktan 1 : 2. Aplikasi jenis novolak sebagai vernis kayu menghasilkan warna yang lebih cerah (tingkat gloss tinggi) dibanding dengan jenis resol

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Keywords: phenol, formaldehid, resin, vernis

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Article Info

Section: Research Article

Language : EN

In Volume 12, Nomor 1, Juni 2008

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