Effect of Extraction Time on Unreacted Oil Removal in Biodiesel Purification Using Deep Eutectic Solvent

Helda Niawanti; Siti Zullaikah

doi:10.14710/reaktor.18.2.122-127

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.18.2.122-127

Effect of Extraction Time on Unreacted Oil Removal in Biodiesel Purification Using Deep Eutectic Solvent

*Helda Niawanti - Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mulawarman University, Indonesia

Siti Zullaikah - Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Indonesia

Received: 13 Oct 2017; Published: 24 Jun 2018.

Citation Format:

Abstract

Rice bran oil (RBO) based biodiesel contains unreacted oil such as monoglyceride (MG), diglyceride (DG) and triglyceride (TG) to be purified. The liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) method was used for purification using Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES). The objective of this work was to study the effect of extraction time on unreacted oil removal. RBO containing 16.49% oil with free fatty acids (FFA) content of 44.75%. Acid catalyzed methanolysis was used for biodiesel production under operating conditions: T = 60°C, t = 8 hours, molar ratio of oil/methanol was 1/10, H₂SO₄ 1% w/w of RBO. Crude biodiesel containing 89.05% fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), 0.05% FFA, TG 4.03%, DG 4.01% and MG 0.30%. DES was made from choline chloride and ethylene glycol with 1/2 molar ratio, while molar ratio of biodiesel/DES was 1/2. The extraction time was varied from 15 to 240 minutes at 30°C. The highest TG, DG and MG removal were obtained at 240 minutes, they were 3.01%, 0.22% and 0.03%, respectively. FAME and FFA content were 96.55% and 0.03%.

Keywords: biodiesel; DES; extraction; unreacted oil; purification

Fulltext View|Download

Article Metrics:

Article Info

Section: Research Article

Language : EN

In Volume 18 No. 2 June 2018

Recent articles

Front Matter Recovery of Cu (II) and Cr (VI) Metals from Electroplating Liquid Waste Using Polymer Inclusion Membrane (PIM) Hazard Assessment of LNG Loading-Unloading Process in Cirebon Port Shelf Life Prediction of Chocomix Instant Chocolate Beverage Powder Using Accelerated Shelf Life Testing (ASLT) based on Critical Moisture Content Approach Back Matter More recent articles

Most cited articles

Synthesis of TiO2 nanotubes by using combination of sonication and hydrothermal treatment and their photocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution PENGARUH PROSES PENGERINGAN RIMPANG TEMULAWAK (Curcuma xanthorriza ROXB) TERHADAP KANDUNGAN DAN KOMPOSISI KURKUMINOID Lactic Acid Production From Cocoa Pod Husk by Studying Further the Influence of Alkaloids on Fermentation Process using Lactobacillus Plantarum Bacteria UKURAN PARTIKEL DAN KONFORMASI KRISTAL ZEOLIT-A HASIL SINTESIS DENGAN PENAMBAHAN TETRAPROPILAMMONIUM HIDROKSIDA (TPAOH) NON-DISSOLVED SOLIDS REMOVAL DURING PALM KERNEL OIL ULTRAFILTRATION More cited articles

Last update:

Deep Eutectic Solvents for Biodiesel Purification in a Microextractor: Solvent Preparation, Selection and Process Optimization
Sara Anđelović, Marko Božinović, Željka Ćurić, Anita Šalić, Ana Jurinjak Tušek, Kristina Zagajski Kučan, Marko Rogošić, Mia Radović, Marina Cvjetko Bubalo, Bruno Zelić. Bioengineering, 9 (11), 2022. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering9110665
Determination of biodiesel yield and color after purification process using deep eutectic solvent (choline chloride:ethylene glycol)
Manizheh Khanian-Najaf-Abadi, Barat Ghobadian, Masoud Dehghani-Soufi, Akbar Heydari. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 14 (7), 2024. doi: 10.1007/s13399-022-03014-x
Sustainable Biodiesel
Anita Šalić, Kristina Zagajski Kučan, Martin Gojun, Marko Rogošić, Bruno Zelić. 2023. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-820361-3.00005-X
Insight into the glycerol extraction from biodiesel using deep eutectic solvents
Zhassulan Sailau, Abay Serikkanov, Ainagul Kemelbekova, Aigul Shongalova, Sultan Zhantuarov, Nurlan Almas, Anuar Aldongarov, Kainaubek Toshtay. Journal of Molecular Modeling, 29 (2), 2023. doi: 10.1007/s00894-023-05453-3
A review on application of deep eutectic solvents as green catalysts and co-solvents in biodiesel production and purification processes
Manizheh Khanian Najaf-Abadi, Barat Ghobadian, Masoud Dehghani-Soufi. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 14 (3), 2024. doi: 10.1007/s13399-022-02644-5
Soap removal from crude biodiesel using industrial polyols
Marliana Nor Shazreen Azmi, Khalid M. Abed, Sharifah Shahira Syed Putra, Jehad Saleh, Yousef Mohammed Alanazi, Bhaskar Sen Gupta, Mahar Diana Hamid, Wan Jefrey Basirun, Adeeb Hayyan, M. Zulhaziman M. Salleh. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 422 , 2025. doi: 10.1016/j.molliq.2025.126972

Last update: 2025-07-24 14:05:59

No citation recorded.

In order for REAKTOR to publish and disseminate research articles, we need non-exclusive publishing rights (transferred from the author(s) to the publisher). This is determined by a publishing agreement between the Author(s) and REAKTOR. This agreement deals with transferring or licensing the publishing copyright to REAKTOR while the Authors still retain significant rights to use and share their published articles. REAKTOR supports the need for authors to share, disseminate, and maximize the impact of their research and these rights in any databases.

As a journal author, you can use your article for many purposes, including by your employing institute or company. These Author rights can be exercised without the need to obtain specific permission. Authors publishing in REAKTOR journals have wide rights to use their works for teaching and scholarly purposes without needing to seek consent, including, but not limited to:

use for classroom teaching by the Author or the Author's institution, presentation at a meeting or conference, and distributing copies to attendees;
use for internal training by the author's company;
distribution to colleagues for their research use;
use in a subsequent compilation of the author's works;
Inclusion in a thesis or dissertation;
reuse of portions or extracts from the article in other works (with full acknowledgment of the final article);
preparation of derivative works (other than commercial purposes) (with full acknowledgment of the final article);
voluntary posting on open websites operated by the author or the author’s institution for scholarly purposes,

(but it should follow the open access license of Creative Common CC-by-SA License).

Authors/Readers/Third Parties can copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially. Still, they must give appropriate credit (the name of the creator and attribution parties (authors detail information), a copyright notice, an open access license notice, a disclaimer notice, and a link to the material), provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made (Publisher indicates the modification of the material (if any).

Authors/Readers/Third Parties can read, print and download, redistribute or republish the article (e.g., display in a repository), translate the article, download for text and data mining purposes, reuse portions or extracts from the article in other works, sell or re-use for commercial purposes, remix, transform, or build upon the material, they must distribute their contributions under the same license as the original Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA).