MAKANAN IKAN KAKATUA (Scarus rivulatus Valenciennes, 1840) DI PERAIRAN TANJUNG TIRAM, KECAMATAN MORAMO UTARA, KABUPATEN KONAWE SELATAN SULAWESI TENGGARA

*Asriyana Asriyana orcid scopus  -  Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia
La Asrin  -  Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia
Halili Halili  -  Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia
Nur Irawati  -  Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia
Received: 7 Jul 2019; Published: 2 Mar 2020.
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Abstract

Pengetahuan tentang makanan dan tingkat pemanfaatan makanan ikan kakatua penting untuk memahami peranan ekologi ikan kakatua dalam menjaga kelangsungan dan keseimbangan kondisi terumbu karang agar tetap baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis makanan ikan kakatua di perairan Tanjung Tiram, Sulawesi Tenggara. Pengambilan contoh dilakukan sekali sebulan selama empat bulan dari bulan Januari sampai April 2018, dengan bottom experimental gillnets berukuran mata jaring 1¼, 1½,  dan 2 inci. Makanan dianalisis menggunakan indeks kepenuhan lambung, indeks bagian terbesar, luas relung, dan tumpang tindih relung. Jumlah ikan yang terkumpul sebanyak 358 ekor, dengan kisaran panjang total sekitar 69,0-195mm dan bobot 4,96-159,86 g. Ditemukan 6 macam organisme makanan dalam saluran pencernaan ikan kakatua. Menu makanan didominasi oleh kelompok alga hijau spesies Ulva lactuca dan Caulerpa racemosa. Tidak terdapat perbedaan komposisi jenis makanan ikan kakatua baik antar jenis kelamin maupun waktu pengamatan. Dalam memanfaatkan sumber daya makanan di perairan, ikan kakatua tidak selektif yang terindikasi dari nilai luas relung yang rendah. Peluang kompetisi intraspesifik terhadap makanan tertinggi saat bulan Januari hingga April.

 

Knowledge of food habit and the level of utilization of rivulated parrotfish are important to understanding the role of parrotfish ecology in maintaining the continuity and balance of coral reef conditions to remain good. This study aims to analyze the food habit of rivulated parrotfish in the waters of Tanjung Tiram, Southeast Sulawesi.Sampling was done monthly from January to April 2018, with bottom experimental gillnets with mesh size 1 ¼, and 1 ½ inches. The food habits was analyzed using index of fullness, index of preponderance,niche breadth, and niche overlapping. There were 358 fish with total length and weight ranged from 69.0-195.0 mm and 4.96-159.86 g respectively. There were six grouped of food organisms in the digestive tract of rivulated parrotfish. Important diet of rivulated parrotfish is green algae, Ulva lactuca and Caulerpa racemosa species.This study concludes that sex and temporal variations of food composition do not differ significantly.In utilizing food resources in the waters, rivulated parrotfishis not selective which is indicated by a low value of niche breadth. The highest intraspecific competition for food is from January to April.

Keywords: Kakatua; kompetisi; makanan; Scarus rivulatus; Tanjung Tiram

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