PENERAPAN SELEKSI FAMILI F3 PADA IKAN NILA HITAM (Oreochromis niloticus)
ABTSRAK
Pemuliaan ikan nila di Indonesia merupakan kegiatan perekayasaan yang sangat penting dilakukan untuk menigkatkan mutu genetik ikan nila yang ada di masyarakat. Metode Seleksi Famili telah digunakan sebagai satu metode efektif untuk mendapatkan strain induk nila yang lebih unggul. Pada tahun 2005 telah berhasil membuat generasi pertama seleksi famili sebanyak 35 famili, tahun 2006 telah menghasilkan 49 famili dan tahun 2007 menghasilkan 39 famili. Masing-masing famili terdiri dari dua sub populasi yaitu induk jantan dan induk betina. Jumlah populasi hasil seleksi pada sub populasi jantan dan betina masing-masing dapat memenuhi jumlah top grad minimal 15 ekor jantan dan 15 ekor betina. Jumlah famili yang memijah 39 famili. Hasil cut off pada masing-masing sub famili mempunyai bobot rataan 120,14+7,3 g pada sub populasi jantan dan 97,36 + 2,6 g pada sub populasi betina. Mutu genetik yang diperoleh pada generasi F3 menghasilkan nilai heritabiliti sebesar 0,142 dengan respon seleksi 25,4 g. Proses seleksi masih perlu dilanjutkan kepada generasi ke-4 untuk memperoleh generasi yang lebih unggul.
Kata Kunci: Tilapia, program pemijahan, seleksi famili
ABSTRACT
Genetic improvement of tilapia in Indonesia is very important in order to improve the tilapia quality. Family selection method was known as an effective method to get higher quality brood stock. In 2005, 35 first generation of families selection were successfully done, in 2006, 49 families were produced and in 2007, 39 families were produced. Each family consisted of two sub population, i.e. male and female brood stocks. The number of male and female sub population selection could fulfill the top grade minimal number of 15 males and 15 females. 39 families spawned. The cut off results of each sub family had average body weight of 120.14 ± 7.3 g for male sub population and 97.36 ± 2.6 g for female sub population. The genetic quality which was obtained on F3 generation had a heritability value of 0.142 with selection respond 25.4 g. The selection process was still needed to be continued on F4 generation to get better quality generation
Key words: Tilapia, breeding program, family selection
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