DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/teknik.v42i2.36978

Analisis Variasi Temperatur Sintering dan Ukuran Agen Pengembang Dolomit terhadap Fabrikasi Paduan Logam Mg-Ca-Zn Berpori Tertutup dengan Proses Metalurgi Serbuk

Franciska P. Lestari  -  Pusat Penelitian Metalurgi dan Material, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Indonesia
Brama A. Saputra  -  Pusat Penelitian Metalurgi dan Material, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Indonesia
Aprilia Erryani  -  Pusat Penelitian Metalurgi dan Material, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Indonesia
Inti Mulyati  -  Pusat Penelitian Metalurgi dan Material, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Indonesia
Made Subekti Dwijaya  -  Pusat Penelitian Metalurgi dan Material, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Indonesia
*Ika Kartika  -  Pusat Penelitian Metalurgi dan Material, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Indonesia
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Abstract

Paduan logam berpori berbasis magnesium sangat potensial dalam aplikasi prostesis biomedis. Kalsium, seng dan agen pengembang ditambahkan untuk melengkapi fungsi dan aplikasi paduan. Dalam studi ini, paduan logam berpori Mg-Ca-Zn dikembangkan dengan proses metalurgi serbuk menggunakan dolomit (CaMg(CO3)2) sebagai agen pengembang untuk menghasilkan pori jenis tertutup. Variasi ukuran agen pengembang dan temperatur sintering dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mencapai ukuran, persentasi dan kehomogenan pori yang terbentuk dalam paduan, dimana pori berfungsi untuk pertumbuhan tulang baru. Komposisi (%berat) paduan yang dikembangkan adalah 84,5Mg-0,5Ca-5Zn-10CaMg(CO3)2, dengan variasi temperatur sintering T = 650, 675, dan 700°C dan waktu tahan 5 jam, sedangkan ukuran dolomit CaMg(CO3)2 divariasikan -30 #, -50 #, -80 #. Paduan hasil sintering diuji XRD (x-ray diffraction) untuk menganalisis fasa yang terbentuk. Ukuran dan kehomogenan pori hasil sintering diamati dengan SEM (scanning electron microscopy), dan persentasi pori yang terbentuk diukur dengan menggunakan metode Archimedes sesuai standar ASTM B311-93. Sifat mekanik dari paduan hasil sintering diuji dengan alat uji kompresi mengacu pada standar ASTM D-695-02. Analisis XRD (x-ray diffraction) dalam paduan 84,5Mg-0,5Ca-5Zn-10CaMg(CO3)2hasil sintering terbentuk fasa Mg sebagai matriks, MgO, CaCO3 dan dolomit (CaMg(CO3)2). Persentasi porositas tertinggi diperoleh sebesar 32,60% dengan ukuran pori terbesar adalah ≤300 μm dan kekuatan tekan 143 MPa. Kondisi ini dihasilkan dalam paduan dengan ukuran partikel dolomit -30# dan temperatur sintering 700°C. Teknologi metalurgi serbuk dengan variasi temperatur sintering dan variasi ukuran agen pengembang dolomit berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ukuran, persentasi, dan kehomogenan pori serta sifat mekanik yang dihasilkan dalam paduan 84,5Mg-0,5Ca-5Zn.

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Keywords: logam berpori tertutup; biomaterial; paduan 84,5Mg-0,5Ca-5Zn; agen pengembang dolomit (CaMg(CO3)2); metalurgi serbuk
Funding: Kemenristekdikti 2018

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