DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/teknik.v45i1.56423

Sintesis, Karakterisasi dan Pengujian Katalis CaO-MgO/Fe2O3 dari Dolomit dan Pasir Besi untuk Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Minyak Goreng Bekas

*Widayat Widayat scopus publons  -  Department of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Soedarto, Kampus Undip Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
Mhd. Adithia Perdana Arman  -  Departemen Teknik Kimia, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
Elijah Syarief  -  Departemen Teknik Kimia, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
Luqman Buchori  -  Departemen Teknik Kimia, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
Sulardjaka Sulardjaka  -  Departemen Teknik Mesin, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia
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Abstract

Pengembangan katalis CaO-MgO/Fe2O3 dari dolomit dan pasir besi dilakukan pada penelitian ini.  Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik kimia dan fisika katalis CaO-MgO/Fe2O3 serta kinerjapada produksi biodiesel. Sintesis katalis dilakukan dengan metode impregnasi, dimana fasa CaO-MgO terlebih dahulu didapatkan dari dolomit dengan metode kalsinasi. Fe2O3 dihasilkan dari pasir besi dengan metode ko-presipitasi yang melibatkan larutan asam dan basa. Pengaruh komposisi CaO-MgO dan Fe2O3 terhadap yield biodiesel dikaji dengan melakukan variasi rasio CaO-MgO : Fe2O3 sebesar 1:1, 2:1 dan 3:1. Variasi temperatur kalsinasi katalis dilakukan pada 800oC, 900oC dan 1000oC untuk mengetahui pengaruh karakteristik fisik terhadap produksi biodiesel. Karakterisasi katalis dengan menggunakan metode SEM-EDX menunjukkan struktur morfologi dan komposisi elemen pada katalis. Biodiesel yang diproduksi dengan katalis CaO-MgO/Fe2o3 memiliki standar mutu sesuai SNI 7182: 2015. Katalis dengan rasio CaO-MgO : Fe2O3 sebesar 3:1 yang dikalsinasi pada temperatur 900oC menghasilkan yield biodiesel tertinggi yaitu 54,2%. Katalis CaO-MgO/ Fe2O3 dapat digunakan dalam produksi biodiesel dengan reaksi esterifikasi dan trans esterifikassi secara simultan dan dibutuhkan peningkatan kinerja lebih lanjut sehingga lebih ekonomis.

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Keywords: dolomit; pasir besi; katalis heterogen; biodiesel

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