skip to main content

KINETIKA REAKSI ESTERIFIKASI GLISEROL DAN ASAM ASETAT MENJADI TRIACETIN MENGGUNAKAN KATALIS ASAM SULFAT

*Hantoro Satriadi  -  Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Soedarto, SH, Kampus Undip Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia

Citation Format:
Abstract

Biodiesel merupakan salah satu energi alternatif yang diharapkan dapat menggantikan bahan bakar diesel. Gliserol merupakan produk dengan produksi biodiesel dari reaksi transesterifikasi. Gliserol saat diesterifikasi dengan asam asetat untuk membentuk triacetin. Kegunaan triacetin sangat baik untuk makanan dan non makanan. Untuk bahan makanan, triacetin dapat digunakan sebagai bahan aroma dalam permen, minuman dari susu, minuman ringan dan permen karet. Adapun non-makanan dapat digunakan untuk pelarut pada parfum, tinta cetak, pelarut dalam rasa, plasticizer untuk resin selulosa, polimer dan co-polimer, bahkan dapat digunakan sebagai bahan aditif bahan bakar untuk mengurangi knocking di mesin mobil. Dalam penelitian ini akan diperoleh kondisi optimum pembuatan triacetin. Volume total gliserol dan asam asetat 600 ml, kecepatan pengadukan 100 rpm dan berat katalis adalah 5% berat gliserol. Dalam penelitian ini proses analisis kualitatif dengan menggunakan instrumen FTIR telah mendeteksi adanya produk triacetin. Hasil analisis kuantitatif diperoleh persamaan kecepatan reaksi esterifikasi dan kondisi optimum yang dihasilkan pada rasio mol reagen gliserol dan asam asetat 1:7 dengan temperatur 120 oC pada menit ke-5 dengan nilai konversi sebesar 67,63%.

[Title: Kinetics of Esterification Reaction of Triacetin Formation from Glycerol and Acetic Acid Using Sulfuric Acid Catalyst] Biodiesel, as one of alternative energy, is expected to replace diesel fuel. Glycerol is a by product of biodiesel production from transesterification reaction. The glycerol was esterified with acetic acid to form triacetin. The triacetin was useful for food and non- food application. For food application, the triacetin can be used as a fragrance ingredient in candy, beverages from milk, soft drinks and chewing gum. Meanwhile, for non-food materials, it can be used for solvent triacetin on perfumes, printing ink, solvent in flavor, plasticizer for cellulose resin, polymer and co-polymers, it can even be used as fuel additives to reduce knocking in car engines. In this study, the research results in optimum conditions on manufacturing triacetin. Total volume of glycerol and acetic acid is 600 ml, stirring speed is 100 rpm and the catalyst laoding is 5 wt.% glycerol. From qualitative analysis using FTIR, the triacetin product was detected. From quantitative analysis, the rate equation of esterification reaction and optimum conditions were resulted at mole ratio of glycerol and acetic acid of eagents 1:7, temperature of 120 0C at 5 minutes process and the conversion of 67.63%.

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: gliserol; asam asetat; esterifikasi; triacetin; konversi; glycerol; acetic acid; esterification; triacetin; conversion

Article Metrics:

  1. Balaraju, M., Nikhitha, P., Jagadeeswaraiah, K., Srilatha, K., Sai
  2. Prasad, P. S., & Lingaiah, N. (2010). Acetylation of glycerol to synthesize bioadditives over niobic acid supported tungstophosphoric acid catalysts. Fuel Processing Technology, 91 (2), 249–253
  3. Ferreira, P., Fonseca, I. M., Ramos, a. M., Vital, J., & Castanheiro, J. E. (2009). Esterification of glycerol with acetic acid over dodecamolybdophosphoric acid encaged in USY zeolite. Catalysis Communications, 10 (5), 481–484
  4. Ferreira, P., Fonseca, I. M., Ramos, A. M., Vital, J., & Castanheiro, J. E. (2011). Acetylation of glycerol over heteropolyacids supported on activated carbon. Catalyst Communications, 12 (7), 573–576
  5. Jagadeeswaraiah, K., Balaraju, M., Prasad, P. S. S., & Lingaiah, N. (2010). Applied Catalysis A : General Selective esterification of glycerol to bioadditives over heteropoly tungstate supported on Cs-containing zirconia catalysts. Applied Catalysis A, General, 386 (1-2), 166– 170
  6. Liao, X., Zhu, Y., Wang, S., Chen, H., & Li, Y. (2010). Theoretical elucidation of acetylating glycerol with acetic acid and acetic anhydride, Applied Catalysis B : Environmental, 94, 64– 70
  7. Levenspiel, Octave., (1999). Chemical Reaction Engineering 3th edition. Department of Chemical Engineering Oregon State University, New York
  8. McKetta, J. J, and Cunningham, W. A., (1977). Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing and Design vol 2. Marcel Dekker, Inc, New York. Nuryoto, Sulistyo,H.,
  9. Rahayu S.S., Sutijan. (2010). Uji Performa Katalisator Resin Penukar Ion Untuk Pengolahan Hasil Samping Pembuatan Biodiesel Menjadi Triacetin. Seminar Rekayasa Kimia Dan Proses 2010
  10. Pagliaro, Mario., Rossi, Michele., 2008. The Future of Glycerol: New Uses of a Versatile Raw Material. RSC Green Chemistry Book Series
  11. Reddy, Padigapati. S., Sudarsanam, P., Raju, G., & Reddy, B. M. (2010). Synthesis of bio- additives : Acetylation of glycerol over zirconia-based solid acid catalysts. Catalyst Communications, 11 (15), 1224–1228
  12. Silva, L. N., Gonçalves, V. L. C., & Mota, C. J. A. (2010). Catalytic acetylation of glycerol with acetic anhydride. Catalyst Communications, 11 (12), 1036–1039
  13. Vogel, A.I., (1989). Textbook of Quantitative Chemical Analysis 5th edition. New York: Longman Scientific and Technical

Last update:

  1. Triacetin Production by Selective Esterification of Glycerol over Activated Zeolite and Lewatite as Catalyst

    Lucky Setyaningsih, Ibrahim Akbar Ali, Achmad Chafidz, Singgih Septiyan, Pangestu Aditya Eka. Materials Science Forum, 988 , 2020. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.988.122

Last update: 2024-03-19 08:07:05

  1. Triacetin Production by Selective Esterification of Glycerol over Activated Zeolite and Lewatite as Catalyst

    Lucky Setyaningsih, Ibrahim Akbar Ali, Achmad Chafidz, Singgih Septiyan, Pangestu Aditya Eka. Materials Science Forum, 988 , 2020. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.988.122
  2. Esterification of glycerol with acetic acid over Lewatit catalyst

    Setyaningsih L.. MATEC Web of Conferences, 127 , 2018. doi: 10.1051/matecconf/201815401028