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Seagrass Meadows as Critical Ecosystems: An Integrated Approach to Conservation Area in Saleh Bay, West Nusa Tenggara

1Study Program of Marine Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mataram, Indonesia

2Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Udayana University, Indonesia

3Study Program of Fisheries Resource Utilization, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Jambi, Indonesia

4 Master of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, University of Mataram, Indonesia

5 Master of Environment and Sustainability, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Australia

6 Scientific Forum on Sustainable Fisheries Management (FIP2B) West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia

7 Fisheries and Marine Department (DKP) West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia

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Received: 23 Nov 2024; Revised: 20 Dec 2024; Accepted: 5 Jan 2025; Available online: 1 Mar 2025; Published: 8 Mar 2025.

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Abstract

Seagrass beds are crucial for marine ecosystems, providing habitats and food sources for diverse species while naturally protecting coastlines from erosion. These ecosystems play a pivotal role in stabilizing sediments, filtering pollutants, and acting as carbon sinks, which helps mitigate the effects of climate change. Their significance extends to supporting ecotourism and providing essential services to coastal communities, thereby promoting environmental conservation awareness. Saleh Bay, designated as a marine nature reserve, exhibits rich marine biodiversity across its five distinct zones: core, utilization, sustainable fisheries, non-conservation, and other zones. This study aimed a comprehensive understanding of the pivotal role played by seagrass beds in Saleh Bay's integrated ecosystem in West Nusa Tenggara. The density and percentage cover were count from three linear transects and placed perpendicularly to the coastline. Correspondence Analysis (CA) was applied to represents which species most strongly associated with specific zones. Meanwhile, Cluster Analysis was used to grouping specific zones based on the ecological characteristics. A total of eight seagrass species were identified, which dominated by Enhalus acoroides (42.15%) and closely related to Sustainable Fisheries and Utilization zones. Furthermore, the Cluster Analysis indicates that the Utilization and Sustainable Fisheries zones exhibit the highest degree of similarity (90%) based on their density characteristics. This research underscores the broader understanding of seagrass ecosystems. The high similarity between the Utilization and Sustainable Fisheries zones suggests that these areas play complementary roles in supporting the health of seagrass ecosystems. Management plans should integrate these findings to optimize resource use while ensuring ecological sustainability.

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Keywords: Coastal; Conservation; Environment; Similarity; Small Island

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