DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.20.2.325-334

Eco-efficiency Modeling in the Production of Alcohol Based on Data Envelopment Analysis

1Master Program of Management and Industrial Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia

2Department of Industrial Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia

Received: 8 Dec 2021; Revised: 5 Jan 2022; Accepted: 10 Jan 2022; Available online: 17 Jan 2022; Published: 3 Apr 2022.
Editor(s): H Hadiyanto

Citation Format:
Abstract

Economic growth can be assessed through industrial development. However, problems arise regarding the discharge of waste into lakes or rivers, leading to biodiversity loss and endangering human health. A study conducted in the UK stated that small and medium enterprises (SMEs) were the largest contributor to waste and pollution. This was because they ignored the regulations governing environmental management. As happened in the Bekonang alcohol industry center, the waste from the alcohol production process polluted the Bengawan Solo tributary as the Water Supply Corporation (WSC). In order to overcome these problems, we need a measurement that can increase production efficiency. Eco-efficiency is a concept that combines efficiency and economy based on efficiency principles. The different models are proposed to measure the eco-efficiency of production, namely with a weighting system that aggregates environmental results. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) enables aggregation without the need for subjective or normative judgments about weights. Although DEA does not require subjective or normative judgments, weight restrictions can be incorporated into the framework. The purpose of this study was to determine the eco-efficiency of the Bekonang alcohol production process using the economic results of the production process and the environmental impact assessed through a life cycle assessment (LCA). There were three products, namely 30% alcohol for consumption, 90% alcohol for medical purposes, and hand sanitizer. The environmental impact was assessed from a life cycle assessment, while the economic assessment was determined by calculating the net profit for each product at a capacity of 100 liters/day. Economic assessment can be divided into two perspectives, namely the Social Perspective (SP) and Company Perspective (CP). From the modeling results, the most eco-efficient production process was hand sanitizer with an eco-efficiency value of 1.

ABSTRAK

Pertumbuhan ekonomi dapat dinilai melalui perkembangan industri, tetapi masalah muncul terkait pembuangan limbah ke danau atau sungai yang menyebabkan hilangnya keanekaragaman hayati yang membahayakan kesehatan manusia. Penelitian yang dilakukan di Inggris menyatakan, jika penyumbang limbah dan polusi terbesar adalah dari usaha kecil menengah (UKM), karena mereka mengabaikan peraturan yang mengatur tentang pengelolaan lingkungan. Seperti yang terjadi di sentra industri alkohol Bekonang, limbah hasil proses produksi alkohol mencemari anak sungai Bengawan Solo sebagai suplai air PDAM. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut diperlukan suatu pengukuran yang dapat meningkatkan efisiensi produksi. Eko-efisiensi merupakan konsep yang menggabungkan efisiensi dan ekonomi berdasarkan prinsip efisiensi. Model yang berbeda diusulkan untuk mengukur eko-efisiensi pada suatu produksi, yaitu dengan sistem pembobotan yang mengagregasi hasil lingkungan. Analisis data envelopment analysis (DEA) memungkinkan agregasi tanpa membutuhkan penilaian subjektif atau normatif pada bobot. Meskipun DEA tidak memerlukan penilaian subjektif atau normatif, pembatasan bobot dapat dimasukkan ke dalam kerangka kerja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai eko-efisiensi proses produksi alkohol Bekonang, menggunakan hasil ekonomi dari proses produksi dan dampak lingkungan, yang dinilai melalui life cycle assessment (LCA).Terdapat tiga produk yang dianalisi, alkohol 30% untuk konsumsi; alkohol 90% untuk keperluan medis; dan hand sanitizer. Dari hasil pemodelan yang telah dilakukan, proses produksi yang paling eko-efisien adalah hand sanitizer dengan nilai eko-efisiensi adalah 1.

Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: eco-efficiency; DEA; alcohol; economic value-added; environmental impact

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Research Article
Language : EN
Recent articles
Determinan Keberlanjutan Usahatani Padi Sawah Tadah Hujan: Kasus Desa Pesisir Kalimantan Barat Pemetaan Zona Kerentanan Airtanah Pesisir Formasi Batugamping Terhadap Pencemaran Nitrat Di Kecamatan Sepulu Madura Kayu Sisa Setelah Penebangan Hutan Alam di Indonesia: Suatu Tinjauan Sistematis More recent articles
Most cited articles
IDENTIFIKASI KEMISKINAN AIR DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI CITARUM HULU: KASUS DAERAH BANDUNG RAYA POTENSI GLISEROL DALAM PEMBUATAN TURUNAN GLISEROL MELALUI PROSES ESTERIFIKASI PENGAMBILAN MINYAK KEDELAI DARI AMPAS TAHU SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL ANALISIS PEMANFAATAN RUANG YANG BERWAWASAN LINGKUNGAN DI KAWASAN PESISIR KOTA TEGAL Struktur Vegetasi Kawasan Hutan Pada Zona Ketinggian Berbeda di Kawasan Gunung Galunggung Kabupaten Tasikmalaya Jawa Barat More cited articles
  1. Acero, A. P., Rodriguez, C., & Ciroth, A. (2016). LCIA methods: Impact assessment methods in life cycle assessment and their impact categories. Version 1.5.6. Green Delta, 23, 1–23. https://www.openlca.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/LCIA-METHODS-v.1.5.4.pdf
  2. Allen, R., Athanassopoulos, A., Dyson, R. G., & Thanassoulis, E. (1997). Weights restrictions and value judgements in Data Envelopment Analysis: Evolution, development and future directions. Annals of Operations Research, 73, 13–34. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1018968909638
  3. Charnes, A., Cooper, W. W., & Rhodes, E. (1978). Measuring the efficiency of decision making units. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2, 429–444. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(78)90138-8
  4. Cramer, J. (2000). Early warning: Integrating eco-efficiency aspects into the product development process. Environmental Quality Management, 10(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1002/1520-6483(200024)10:2<1::AID-TQEM1>3.0.CO;2-5
  5. Department of Industry and Manpower of Sukoharjo. (2019). Sukoharjo Regency Industrial Data in 2019
  6. Helminen, R. R. (2000). Developing tangible measures for eco-efficiency: The case of the Finnish and Swedish pulp and paper industry. Business Strategy and the Environment, 9(3), 196–210. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0836(200005/06)9:3<196::AID-BSE240>3.0.CO;2-O
  7. Hillary, R. (2000). Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises and the Environment (R. Hillary (ed.)). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351282840
  8. Huppes, G., & Ishikawa, M. (2005). A Framework for Quantified Eco-efficiency Analysis. 9(4), 25–41. https://doi.org/10.1162/108819805775247882
  9. International Organization for Standardization. (2000). International Standard ISO 14042:2000. 61010-1 © Iec: 2001, 2000, 13
  10. Kuosmanen, T., & Kortelainen, M. (2005). Measuring Eco-efficiency of Production with Data. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 9(4), 59–72
  11. Kurniawan, B. (2019). Pengawasan Pengelolaan Limbah Bahan Berbahaya Dan Beracun (B3) Di Indonesia Dan Tantangannya. Dinamika Governance: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Negara, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.33005/jdg.v9i1.1424
  12. Liu, W. B., Meng, W., Li, X. X., & Zhang, D. Q. (2010). DEA models with undesirable inputs and outputs. Annals of Operations Research, 173(1), 177–194. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-009-0587-3
  13. Nurcahyani, K., & Utami, B. (2015). Pengolahan Limbah Cair Industri Alkohol Bekonang Menggunakan Proses Fermentasi. Seminar Nasional Konservasi Dan Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Alam, 112–116
  14. Sanjuan, N., Ribal, J., Clemente, G., & Fenollosa, M. L. (2011). Measuring and Improving Eco-efficiency Using Data Envelopment Analysis: A Case Study of Mahón-Menorca Cheese. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 15(4), 614–628. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-9290.2011.00347.x
  15. Schaltegger, S. (1997). Economics of life cycle assessment: Inefficiency of the present approach. Business Strategy and the Environment, 6(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0836(199702)6:1<1::AID-BSE84>3.0.CO;2-D
  16. Schaltegger, S., & Sturm, A. (1990). Ecological Rationality. Kognition Bei Menschen Und Tieren, 44(4), 273–290. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110368901.79
  17. Schmidheiny, S. and Zorraqu’n, F. (1996). Financing Change: The Financial Community, Eco-efficiency, and Sustainable Development (Vol. 24). MIT Press, Cambridge
  18. Schmidheiny, S. (2000). Changing Course: A Global Business Perspective on Development and the Environment. Foreign Affairs, 2(1), 202. https://doi.org/10.2307/20045337
  19. Singgih, M. L., & Chandra, V. (2008). Pengukuran Efisiensi Jasa Pelayanan Stasiun Pengisian Bahan Bakar Umum (SPBU) Dengan Metode Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Seminar Teknosim, Universitas Gajah Mada Yogyakarta, 1–7. http://www.moseslsinggih.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/2008-Singgih-M.L-and-V.-Chandra-Pengukuran-Efisiensi-Jasa-Pelayanan-SPBU.pdf
  20. Stephan Schmidheiny; Björn Stigson; World Business Council for Sustainable Development. (2000). Eco-efficiency: creating more value with less impact. Conches-Geneva World Business Council for Sustainable Development 2000. http://www.wbcsd.org/newscenter/reports/2000/EEcreating.pdf
  21. Suh, S., Mo Lee, K., & Sangsun, H. (2005). Eco-efficiency for Pollution Prevention in Small to Medium-Sized Enterprises. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 9(4), 223–240. https://doi.org/10.1162/108819805775247918
  22. Wong, Y.-H. B., & Beasley, J. E. (1990). Restricting Weight Flexibility in Data Envelopment Analysis. The Journal of the Operational Research Society, 41(9), 829. https://doi.org/10.2307/2583498
  23. WOOD-ENERGY. (2019). What are the air emissions of burning wood? https://wood-energy.extension.org/what-are-the-air-emissions-of-burning-wood/(accessed 11.26.21)

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2024-11-20 08:42:01

No citation recorded.