DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.22.3.731-742

Studi Karakteristik Fisika Tanah Zona Perakaran dan Produksi Tanaman Kopi (Coffea sp.) di Kecamatan Wajak, Kabupaten Malang

1Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Minat Manajemen Sumberdaya Lahan, Departemen Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia

2Departemen Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia

Received: 5 Sep 2023; Revised: 12 Dec 2023; Accepted: 6 Jan 2024; Available online: 9 Mar 2024; Published: 28 Mar 2024.
Editor(s): Budi Warsito

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Abstract

Karakteristik fisika tanah yang sesuai untuk perakaran tanaman kopi akan mendukung pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman kopi. Penurunan produksi tanaman kopi pada tahun 2020 di Kecamatan Wajak, Kabupaten Malang mendasari dilakukannya analisis kesesuaian lahan pada zona perakaran, analisis hubungan antara sifat fisik tanah berupa kedalaman efektif, berat isi tanah, berat jenis tanah, porositas tanah, dan tekstur. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara sifat-sifat fisika tanah seperti kedalaman efektif, berat isi tanah, berat jenis tanah, porositas dan tekstur tanah, dengan produksi tanaman kopi di wilayah Kecamatan Wajak, Kabupaten Malang. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan batas lahan berupa Satuan Peta Lahan dengan penentuan titik berupa stratified random sampling. Parameter penelitian berupa kedalaman efektif, tekstur tanah, berat isi (0-30 cm dan 30-60 cm), berat jenis (0-30 cm dan 30-60 cm), porositas (0-30 cm dan 30-60 cm), berat basah buah kopi (kg/100 m2). Metode kesesuaian lahan menggunakan matching antara data dari lapangan dengan syarat tumbuh di zona perakaran tanaman kopi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa sifat fisik tanah yang memiliki korelasi yang signifikan dengan produksi tanaman yaitu berat isi tanah sebesar 18,58% dan 22%, berat jenis kedalaman 0-30 cm sebesar 32,29%, porositas kedalaman 30-60 cm sebesar 34,27% dan persentase fraksi pasir sebesar 41,08%. Uji regresi berganda menunjukkan bahwa sifat fisik tanah yang paling mempengaruhi produksi Tanaman Kopi di Kecamatan Wajak, Kabupaten Malang yaitu berat jenis kedalaman 0-30 cm karena dapat menurunkan 2,14 kg/100m2 produksi Tanaman Kopi di Kecamatan Wajak, Kabupaten Malang.

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Keywords: Tanaman kopi; kesesuaian lahan; zona perakaran

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