DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.24.2.497-510

Perubahan Penggunaan dan Tutupan Lahan: Analisis Bibliometrik dan Kajian Pustaka Sistematik pada Dampak Kebijakan, Ekosistem dan Urbanisasi

1University of Indonesia, Indonesia

2Departemen Geografi, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia

3Badan Informasi Geospasial, Indonesia, Indonesia

4 Kementerian Agraria dan Tata Ruang/Badan Pertanahan Nasional, Indonesia

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Received: 1 Mar 2025; Revised: 8 Jul 2026; Accepted: 13 Jul 2026; Available online: 16 Jul 2026; Published: 18 Jul 2026.
Editor(s): Budi Warsito

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Abstract
Perubahan penggunaan dan tutupan lahan (LULCC) terus meningkat seiring pertumbuhan kebutuhan lahan manusia, terutama akibat urbanisasi. Dinamika tersebut memerlukan pendekatan terpadu yang menggabungkan analisis geospasial, evaluasi kebijakan, dan keterlibatan pemangku kepentingan untuk mendukung pengambilan keputusan yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perkembangan kajian LULCC dalam kaitannya dengan kebijakan perencanaan tata ruang melalui analisis bibliometrik dan tinjauan pustaka sistematis, serta membandingkan fokus, tujuan, sumber data, metode, dan temuan penelitian terdahulu. Sebanyak 139 artikel ilmiah yang terbit pada periode 2018–2024 dianalisis menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dan pendekatan bibliometrik untuk mengidentifikasi tren penelitian, tema utama, serta jaringan kolaborasi internasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa urbanisasi merupakan pendorong utama LULCC, yang ditandai oleh peningkatan kawasan terbangun dan penurunan lahan pertanian serta ruang hijau. Kebijakan tata ruang berperan penting sebagai instrumen mitigasi dan pengendalian dampak LULCC terhadap ekosistem. Selain itu, teknologi penginderaan jauh dan model spasial semakin dominan digunakan untuk memantau perubahan lahan, menilai dampak lingkungan, serta mendukung perumusan kebijakan. Pendekatan yang mengintegrasikan aspek spasial, kelembagaan, dan partisipatif diperlukan agar perencanaan tata ruang mampu merespons perubahan penggunaan lahan secara efektif. Efektivitas kebijakan juga dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan data, kapasitas kelembagaan, konsistensi implementasi, pemantauan berkala, serta koordinasi antarsektor dan antarwilayah dalam menghadapi tekanan urbanisasi dan perubahan lingkungan pada masa mendatang. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya penguatan kebijakan berbasis bukti yang menghubungkan hasil analisis ilmiah dengan kebutuhan pembangunan. Temuan penelitian memberikan rekomendasi bagi pembuat kebijakan untuk menyeimbangkan pembangunan perkotaan, perlindungan ekosistem, dan konservasi lingkungan melalui tata ruang yang adaptif, kolaboratif, dan berkelanjutan.

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Keywords: perubahan penggunaan lahan; kebijakan tata ruang; urbanisasi; ekosistem; bibliometrik
Funding: Lembaga Pengelola Dana Pendidikan Indonesia (LPDP)

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