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Perbandingan Efektivitas Antara Nebulisasi Lidokain dan Spray Lidokain untuk Mencegah Refleks Batuk pada Tindakan Bronkoskopi dengan General Anestesi

Departemen Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Airlangga/RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya, Indonesia

Published: 1 Jul 2020.
Open Access Copyright 2020 JAI (Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia)

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Abstract

Latar belakang: Batuk sering terjadi pada tindakan bronkoskopi. Batuk menyebabkan ketidaknyamanan pasien dan menimbulkan kesulitan pada pelaksanaan tindakan bronkoskopi sehingga dapat meningkatkan risiko komplikasi akibat bronkoskopi seperti perdarahan intrabronkial, bronchospasme, dan pneumothorax. Batuk pada tindakan bronkoskopi dapat dicegah dengan pemberian anestesi lokal lidokain.

Tujuan: Membandingkan efek nebulisasi lidokain 2 % dibandingkan spray lidokain 10% dalam mencegah kejadian batuk pada tindakan bronkoskopi dengan anestesi umum.

Metode: Penelitian dilakukan pada 20 pasien usia 18-65 tahun dengan status fisik American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) I dan II yang menjalani tindakan bronkoskopi dengan anestesi umum menggunakan intubasi oral. Pasien dibagi 2 kelompok: kelompok spray lidokain 10% dan kelompok nebulisasi lidokain 2% dengan dosis lidokain yang sama yaitu 2 mg/kgbb. Tanda vital (tekanan darah, laju jantung, saturasi oksigen serta frekuensi napas) dan kedalaman anestesi dengan bispectral index (BIS) diukur selama bronkoskopi. Spray lidokain dan nebulisasi lidokain diberikan sebelum pembiusan dilakukan. Kemudian dievaluasi kejadian batuk dan derajat batuk selama dan setelah tindakan bronkoskopi. Analisis hasil penelitian menggunakan dua metode yaitu uji Mann Whitney dan uji Wilcoxon. Uji Mann Whitney dengan derajat kemaknaan p<0,05 untuk membandingkan kejadian batuk pada kedua kelompok selama dan dua jam setelah bronkoskopi, sedangkan uji Wilcoxon dengan derajat kemaknaan p<0,05 untuk membandingkan derajat batuk sebelum bronkoskopi dan selama bronkoskopi pada masing kelompok.

Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna derajat batuk antara sebelum dan sesudah pemberian spray lidokain maupun nebulisasi lidokain (p<0,05). Ada perbedaan bermakna derajat batuk antara kelompok spray lidokain dibandingkan nebulisasi lidokain (p<0,05), dimana nebulisasi lidokain menimbulkan derajat batuk lebih rendah dibandingkan spray lidokain. Tidak ada efek samping pada penelitian ini.

Kesimpulan: Pemberian nebulisasi lidokain 2% lebih efektif menekan refleks batuk dibandingkan spray lidokain 10% pada tindakan bronkoskopi dengan general anestesi.

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Keywords: anestesi; batuk; bronkoskopi; lidokain; nebulisasi

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Last update:

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Last update: 2024-11-22 18:41:25

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