Status gizi dan perkembangan anak usia 3-5 tahun di Kabupaten Bogor

*Sarah Melati Davidson  -  Program Studi Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana, Indonesia
Ali Khomsan scopus  -  Departemen Gizi Masyarakat, Fakultas Ekologi Manusia, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Indonesia
Hadi Riyadi scopus  -  Departemen Gizi Masyarakat, Fakultas Ekologi Manusia, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Indonesia
Received: 9 Oct 2019; Published: 2 Jun 2020.
Open Access
Citation Format:
Abstract

Background: Malnutrition in children under five causes a variety of developmental disorders. The nutritional need for children aged 3-5 age is very critical to reach optimum growth and development.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyse the association between nutritional status using WAZ, HAZ, WHZ index with gross motor, fine motor, passive communication, active communication, cognitive, self-help ability and social behavior development childred aged 3-5 years old.

Methods: Data was obtained from a study entitled Improving Child Growth and Development through Nutrition and Psychosocial Intervention in Early Childhood Education (PAUD) Setting in Rural Areas and was fully funded by the Nestle Foundation (NF), Switzerland. The study design was cross-sectional, with 120 children aged 3-5 years old as subjects. Locations and subjects were selected purposively in Bogor District. Nutritional status was assesed by WAZ, HAZ, and WHZ index. Child development was assessed by using Bina Keluarga Balita questionnaire.

Results: Most of the subjects had good nutritional status dan development level. WAZ indicator significantly associated with gross motor dan cognitive development (p<0.05). HAZ indicator significantly associated with gross motor, active communication skills and cognitive development (p<0.05). WHZ indicator significantly associated with fine motor and cognitive children (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Nutritional status is associated with child development.

Keywords: child development; child growth; nutritional status

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Articles
Language: EN
In Vol 8, No 2 (2020)
Statistics: 766 1784
Related articles
Pengaruh asupan energi dan protein terhadap perubahan status gizi pasien anak selama dirawat di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang Pengaruh konseling laktasi intensif terhadap pemberian air susu ibu (ASI) eksklusif sampai 3 bulan Faktor risiko stunting pada anak umur 6-24 bulan di kecamatan Penanggalan kota Subulussalam provinsi Aceh Berat bayi lahir dan kejadian stunting pada anak usia 6-59 bulan di Kecamatan Seberang Ulu I Palembang Faktor pelaksanaan kesehatan reproduksi perusahaan dan dukungan keluarga dalam penentuan pola menyusui oleh pekerja (buruh) wanita di Kabupaten Kudus Pengaruh suplementasi Zn terhadap perubahan indeks TB/U anak stunted usia 24-36 bulan
  1. Bisai S, Mallick C. Prevalence of undernutrition among Kora-Mudi children aged 2-13 years in Paschim Medinipur District, West Bengal, India. World J Pediatr. 2011;7(1):31–6
  2. Suchdev PS, Jefferds MED, Ota E, da Silva Lopes K, De-Regil LM. Home fortification of foods with multiple micronutrient powders for health and nutrition in children under two years of age. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020;2(2)
  3. Junaidi. Pengaruh kecukupan zat gizi dan stimulasi pola asuh terhadap kesehatan intelegensi pada anak baduta. AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal. Mei 2017;2(1): 55-60
  4. Victora CG, de Onis M, Hallal PC, Blossner M, Shrimpton R. Worldwide timing of growth faltering: Revisiting implications for interventions. Pediatrics. 2010;125(3):473–80
  5. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Laporan Nasional Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2018. Jakarta: Kemenkes RI; 2018
  6. Dinkes Kabupaten Bogor. Profil Kesehatan Kabupaten Bogor Tahun 2016. Cibinong; 2017
  7. Solihin RDM, Anwar F, Sukandar D. Kaitan antara status gizi, perkembangan kognitif, dan perkembangan motorik pada anak usia prasekolah. Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan. The Journal of Nutrition and Food Research. 2013;36(1):62–72
  8. Sudfeld CR, McCoy DC, Fink G, Muhihi A, Bellinger DC, Masanja H, et al. Malnutrition and Its Determinants Are Associated with Suboptimal Cognitive, Communication, and Motor Development in Tanzanian Children. J Nutr. 2015;145(12):2705–14
  9. Kang Y, Aguayo VM, Campbell RK, West Jr KP. Association between stunting and early childhood development among children aged 36–59 months in South Asia. Matern Child Nutr. Matern Child Nutr. 2018;14(S4):12684
  10. Grantham-McGregor S, Cheung YB, Cueto S, Glewwe P, Richter L, Barbara S. Developmental potential in the first 5 years for children in developing countries. Lancet. 2007;369(9555):60–70
  11. Black MM, Walker SP, Fernald, LCH, Andersen CT, DiGirolamo AM, Lu C et al. Early childhood development coming of age: Science through the life course. Lancet. 2017;389(10064):77–90
  12. UNICEF. Programming Experiences in Early Child Development. New York : Early Child Development Unit Press; 2006
  13. Khomsan A. Teknik Pengukuran Pengetahuan Gizi. Bogor: Institusi Pertanian Bogor; 2000
  14. Warsito O, Khomsan A, Hernawati N, Anwar F. Relationship between nutritional status, psychosocial stimulation, and cognitive development in preschool children in Indonesia. Nutr Res Pract J. 2012;6(5):451–7
  15. Vinod, N; Swarnakanta, L; Smita, P; Pushpa D. Nutritional Status and Dietary Pattern of Underfive Children in Urban Slum Area. National Journal of Community Medicine. 2011;2(1):143–8
  16. Dariyo A. Psikologi Perkembangan Anak Tiga Tahun Pertama. Bandung: PT. Refika Adtama; 2007
  17. Chiruvu RT, Kanengoni B, Mungati M, Gombe NT, Bangure D, Tshimanga M, et al. Analysis of Trends in Nutritional Status and Morbidity of Under-Fives Among Internally Displaced Persons at Chingwizi, Mwenezi District, Zimbabwe 2014-2015. International Journal of Innovative Research & Development. 2017;6(5):117–25
  18. Jimoh Ao, Anyiam JO, Yakubu AM. Relationship between child development and nutritional status of under-five Nigerian children. South African Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2018; 31(3):50–4
  19. Muhoozi GKM, Atukunda P, Mwadime R, Iversen PO, Westerberg AC. Nutritional and developmental status among 6-to 8-month-old children in southwestern Uganda: a cross-sectional study. Food Nutr Res. 2016;60:30270
  20. Paiva MdG, Souza TOL, Canon F, Pérot C, Xavier LCC, Ferraz KM, et al. Stunting delays maturation of triceps surae mechanical properties and motor performance in prepubertal children. 112:4053–4061. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2012;112:4053–61
  21. Laus MF, Duarte Manhas Ferreira Vales L, Braga Costa TM, Sousa Almeida S. Early postnatal protein-calorie malnutrition and cognition: a review of human and animal studies. Int J Env Res Public Health. 2011;8(2):590-612
  22. Subasinghe SMLP, Wijesinghe DGNG. The effect of nutritional status on cognitive and motor development of preschool children. Tropical Agricultural Research. 2006;18:1–9
  23. Nyaradi A, Li J, Hickling S, Foster J, Oddy WH. The role of nutrition in children's neurocognitive development, from pregnancy through childhood. Front Hum Neurosc. 2013:26(7):97
  24. Chowdhury MH, Shill LC, Purba NH, Rabbi FA, Chowdhury MJ. Adverse Effect of Micronutrient Deficiencies on Children’s Development: The Wasting Syndrome. Food Nutr Curr Res. 2019;2(1):136–48
  25. Ahmed T, Mahfuz M, Ireen S, Ahmed AS, Rahman S, Islam MM, Alam N, Hossain MI, Rahman SM, Ali MM, Choudhury FP. Nutrition of children and women in Bangladesh: trends and directions for the future. Journal Health Popul Nutr. 2012;30(1):1

Last update: 2021-03-07 18:43:38

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2021-03-07 18:43:38

No citation recorded.

The Authors submitting a manuscript do so on the understanding that if accepted for publication, copyright of the article shall be assigned to Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) and Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro as publisher of the journal.

Copyright encompasses exclusive rights to reproduce and deliver the article in all form and media, including reprints, photographs, microfilms and any other similar reproductions, as well as translations. The reproduction of any part of this journal, its storage in databases and its transmission by any form or media, such as electronic, electrostatic and mechanical copies, photocopies, recordings, magnetic media, etc., will be allowed only with a written permission from Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition).

Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition), Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, the Editors and the Advisory Editorial Board make every effort to ensure that no wrong or misleading data, opinions or statements be published in the journal. In any way, the contents of the articles and advertisements published in the Indonesian Journal of Nutrition are sole and exclusive responsibility of their respective authors and advertisers.