DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jgi.9.2.97-104

Profile of nutritional status, energy availability, haemoglobin levels and bone density in santriwati (Islamic female student) with chronic energy deficiency risk

1Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia

2Center of Nutrition Research (CENURE) Faculty of Medicine, Indonesia

3Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Indonesia

Received: 11 Feb 2020; Published: 30 Jun 2021.

Citation Format:
Abstract
Background: Santriwati (Islamic female student), women of reproductive age, were susceptible to experienced Chronic Energi Deficiency (CED). CED reflects the low energy availability of someone who can risk reducing bone density. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the differences in body mass index, body fat percentage, hemoglobin levels, energy availability, and bone mineral density of female students who experienced CED risk and not experienced CED risk.Materials and Methods: The research design was a cross-sectional study, with 101 female students as subjects who were selected by random sampling. The research was conducted from February to March 2019 at the Kyai Galang Sewu Islamic Boarding School, Semarang. CED risk data was taken using the upper arm circumference measurement. Percent body fat and BMI data were taken using BIA. Energy availability data is obtained from the difference between energy intake (energy intake) and energy output (energy expenditure through physical activity) divided by Fat-Free Mass (FFM). Energy intake data was taken using the SQ-FFQ questionnaire, and energy expenditure was calculated using the 24-hour activity record form. Anemia data were collected using strip hemoglobin measurements. Bone density data were taken using the Osteosys Sonost 3000 densitometer. Bivariate analysis used the Independent T-Test.Results: A total of 57.2% of subjects experienced anemia. Subjects who had underweight nutritional status were 20.8%. Santriwati experienced osteopenia as much as 13.9%. There was no difference in bone density and hemoglobin levels between female students who were at risk of CED and not CED risk (p> 0.05), but there were differences in energy availability, body fat percentage, BMI between those at risk of CED and not CED risk (p <0.05)Conclusion: subjects at risk of CED (Lila <23.5 cm) had lower energy availability, body fat, and BMI than subjects who were not at risk of CED.
Fulltext View|Download
Keywords: Anemia; Body fat; BMI; Bone Density; CED risk; Santriwati
Funding: Dep. Nutrition Science

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Articles
Language : EN
Recent articles
Household food security and diet quality with chronic energy deficiency among preconception women Effects of mixture powder of black rice (Oryza sativa L indica), red beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L), and moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera L) on blood glucose concentration in hyperglycemic Rats The effectiveness of Islamic comic media in increasing the attitude of healthy breakfast among students More recent articles
Most cited articles
Front Matter Pengaruh pemberian jus mangga terhadap profil lipid dan malondialdehyde pada tikus yang diberi minyak jelantah Front Matter Tepung ulat sagu (Rhyinchophorus ferrugineus) imunomodulator Nitric Oxide (NO) sirkulasi mencit terapi antimalaria standar Pola makan dan indikator lemak tubuh pada remaja More cited articles
  1. Mujiati I, Budijanto D, Khairani. Situasi Keluarga Berencana di Indonesia. Indonesia: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2013
  2. Muliawati S. Faktor Penyebab Ibu Hamil Kurang Energi Kronis di Puskesmas Sambi Kecamatan Sambi Kabupaten Boyolali tahun 2012. 1. 2013;3(3):40–62
  3. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2018 (RISKESDAS 2018). Indonesia: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2018
  4. Peni Catur Inayati. Hubungan antara Status Gizi dan menstruasi dengan Kejadian Anemia pada Santri Putri Pondok Pesantren Al-Hidayah Kecamatan Karangrayung Kabupaten Grobogan tahun 2009 [Internet] [other]. Universitas Negeri Semarang; 2009 [cited 2020 Sep 21]. Available from: https://lib.unnes.ac.id/1384/
  5. Hidayah N, Rahfiludin MZ, Aruben R. Hubungan Status Gizi, Asupan Zat Gizi, dan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Siklus Menstruasi Remaja Putri Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah Kauman Kabupaten Pemalang Tahun 2016. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (e-Journal). 2016 Nov 2;4(4):537–444
  6. Kumar P, Sinha R, Patil N, Kumar V. Relationship between mid-upper arm circumference and BMI for identifying maternal wasting and severe wasting: a cross-sectional assessment. Public Health Nutr. 2019;22(14):2548–52
  7. Priyanto LD. The Relationship of Age, Educational Background, and Physical Activity on Female Students with Anemia. JBE. 2018 Aug 30;6(2):139–46
  8. Sya`Bani IRN, Sumarmi S. Hubungan Status Gizi dengan Kejadian Anemia pada Santriwati di Pondok Pesantren Darul Ulum Peterongan Jombang. Jurnal Keperawatan Muhammadiyah. 2017 Mar 28;1(2):7–15
  9. Purwandari ES. Comparison Anemia In Adolescent Girls Who Stay At Pondok Pesantren And At Home In Madrasah Aliyah Pondok Pesantren Darussalam Kepung Kediri. J I K E B. 2018 Sep 25;4(2):114–9
  10. Ariyani DE, Achadi EL, Irawati A. Validity Mid-Upper Arm Circumference to Detect Chronic Energy Malnutrition Risk of Indonesia Women. Kesmas: National Public Health Journal. 2012 Sep 1;7(2):83
  11. Ong JL, Brownlee IA. Energy Expenditure, Availability, and Dietary Intake Assessment in Competitive Female Dragon Boat Athletes. Sports (Basel). 2017 Jun 21;5(2):45
  12. Papageorgiou M, Dolan E, Elliott-Sale KJ, Sale C. Reduced energy availability: implications for bone health in physically active populations. Eur J Nutr. 2018;57(3):847–59
  13. Sygo J, Coates AM, Sesbreno E, Mountjoy ML, Burr JF. Prevalence of Indicators of Low Energy Availability in Elite Female Sprinters. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2018 Sep 1;28(5):490–6
  14. Noprisanti N, Masrul M, Defrin D. Hubungan Asupan Protein, Kalsium, Phosfor, Dan Magnesium Dengan Kepadatan Tulang Pada Remaja Putri di SMP Negeri 5 Padang. Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas. 2018 Oct 17;7:29–36
  15. Septriani RS, Fitranti DY. Hubungan Asupan Protein dan Kafein dengan Kepadatan Tulang pada Wanita Dewasa Muda. J NutriColl. 2013 Oct 3;2(4):483–90
  16. Schtscherbyna A, Ribeiro BG, Farias MLF de. Bone Health, Bone Mineral Density, and Sports Performance. In: Nutrition and Enhanced Sports Performances. San Diego: Elsevier; 2013. p. 75–80
  17. Zhang Y, Wang Z, Chu Z, Zhao J. Profiles of body mass index and the nutritional status among children and adolescents categorized by waist-to-height ratio cut-offs. International Journal of Cardiology. 2016 Nov;223:529–33
  18. Lee RD, Nierman DC. Anthropometry. In: Nutritional Assessment. 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Education; 2003. p. 184–203
  19. Rahmani SM, Probosari E. Hubungan Indikator Obesitas dengan Kepadatan Tulang pada Wanita Dewasa Awal. Journal of Nutrition College. 2016;5(4):444–51
  20. Márquez S, Molinero O. Energy availability, menstrual dysfunction and bone health in sports; an overview of the female athlete triad. Nutr Hosp. 2013 Aug;28(4):1010–7
  21. Setyarsih L, Ardiaria M, Fitranti DY. Hubungan Densitas Energi dan Asupan Cairan dengan Berat Jenis Urin pada Remaja. Journal of Nutrition College. 2017;6(4):326–32
  22. Sandjaja. Risiko Kurang Energi Kronis (KEK) pada Ibu Hamil di Indonesia. Gizindo. 2014 Sep 1;32(2):128–38
  23. Alifah HN, Anita DC. Hubungan Status Gizi dengan Kadar Hemoglobin pada Santriwati di Pondok Pesantren Al-Munawwir Krapyak Bantul Yogyakarta [Internet] [s1_sarjana]. [Yogyakarta]: Universitas ’Aisyiyah Yogyakarta; 2017 [cited 2020 Sep 21]. Available from: http://lib.unisayogya.ac.id/
  24. Sudikno S, Sandjaja S. Prevalensi Dan Faktor Risiko Anemia Pada Wanita Usia Subur Di Rumah Tangga Miskin Di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya Dan Ciamis, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Kespro. 2016;7(2):71–82
  25. Hamidiyah A, Rohmani L, Zahro NA. Faktor Determinan Anemia Santri Putri. Oksitosin : Jurnal Ilmiah Kebidanan. 2019 Feb 1;6(1):64–72
  26. Benítez Brito N, Suárez Llanos JP, Fuentes Ferrer M, Oliva García JG, Delgado Brito I, Pereyra-García Castro F, et al. Relationship between Mid-Upper Arm Circumference and Body Mass Index in Inpatients. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(8):e0160480
  27. Misra P, Singh AK, Archana S, Lohiya A, Kant S. Relationship between body mass index and percentage of body fat, estimated by bio-electrical impedance among adult females in a rural community of North India: A cross-sectional study. J Postgrad Med. 2019 Sep;65(3):134–40
  28. Shetty PS, James WP. Body mass index. A measure of chronic energy deficiency in adults. FAO Food Nutr Pap. 1994;56:1–57
  29. Williams NI, Statuta SM, Austin A. Female Athlete Triad: Future Directions for Energy Availability and Eating Disorder Research and Practice. Clin Sports Med. 2017 Oct;36(4):671–86
  30. Holtzman B, Ackerman KE. Measurement, Determinants, and Implications of Energy Intake in Athletes. Nutrients. 2019 Mar;11(3):665
  31. Petrika Y, Hadi H, Nurdiati DS. Tingkat asupan energi dan ketersediaan pangan berhubungan dengan risiko kekurangan energi kronik (KEK) pada ibu hamil. Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics). 2016 Aug 30;2(3):140–9
  32. Wardhani JP, Rahfiludin MZ, Pradigdo SF. Perbedaan Aktivitas Fisik, Kadar Hb, dan Kesegaran Jasmani (Studi pada Siswi KEK dan Tidak KEK di SMAN 1 Grogol Kabupaten Kediri). Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (e-Journal). 2017 Dec 13;3(3):205–12
  33. Indartanti D, Kartini A. Hubungan Status Gizi dengan Kejadian Anemia pada Remaja Putri. Journal of Nutrition College. 2014;3(2):310–6
  34. Wiraprasidi IPA, Kawengian SE, Mayulu N. Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kadar Hemoglobin pada Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas Lolak. eBiomedik [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2020 Sep 21];5(2). Available from: https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/index.php/ebiomedik/article/view/18602
  35. Rahmawati AY. Hubungan antara Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT), Asupan Zat Gizi dan Riwayat Reproduksi dengan Kepadatan Mineral Tulang pada Wanita Pre-Menopause. Jurnal Riset Kesehatan. 2016;5(2):83–91
  36. Widyanti LRE, Kusumastuty I, Arfiani EP. Hubungan Komposisi Tubuh dengan Kepadatan Tulang Wanita Usia Subur di Kota Bandung. Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition. 2017 Jun 25;4(1):23–33

Last update:

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2024-04-25 09:38:17

No citation recorded.