Penurunan Kadar Enzim Kolinesterase Tenaga Sprayer di Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit

Titi Permatasari Utami  -  Program Studi Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
*Mona Lestari  -  Program Studi Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
Novrikasari Novrikasari  -  Program Studi Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
Imelda Gernauli Purba  -  Program Studi Kesehatan Likngkungan Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
Rico Januar Sitorus  -  Program Studi Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
Rizka Faliria Nandini  -  Program Studi Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
Poppy Fujianti  -  Program Studi Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
Received: 22 Jun 2020; Revised: 2 Aug 2020; Accepted: 3 Oct 2020; Published: 1 Apr 2021; Available online: 27 Oct 2020.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jkli.20.1.27-33 View
Copyright Transfer Agreement
Subject
Type CTA
  Download (407KB)    Indexing metadata
Turnitin
Subject
Type Turnitin
  Download (2MB)    Indexing metadata
Open Access Copyright 2020 Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia
License URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Citation Format:
Abstract

Latar belakang: Pestisida golongan organofosfat bersifat menghambat aktivitas enzim kolinesterase di dalam tubuh. Pekerja yang bertugas untuk melakukan penyemprotan pestisida memiliki risiko yang sangat tinggi terkena dampak negatif dari pajanan pestisida. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko penurunan kadar enzim kolinesterase tenaga sprayer di perkebunan kelapa sawit PT. X Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu sebanyak 113 orang. Pengukuran data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan pemeriksaan kadar enzim kolinesterase.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 3,5% tenaga sprayer yang mengalami penurunan kadar kolinesterase. Dari hasil analisis bivariat diketahui adanya hubungan antara penggunaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) (p-value = 0,046) dengan penurunan kadar enzim kolinesterase tenaga sprayer. Melalui analisis multivariate diketahui bahwa penggunaan APD merupakan faktor yang paling berhubungan dengan penurunan kadar enzim kolinesterase setelah dikontrol dengan variabel arah angin.

Simpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan APD berhubungan erat dengan penurunan kadar enzim kolinesterase sehingga disarankan melengkapi APD yang digunakan saat bekerja dan perlu adanya edukasi yang diberikan kepada tenaga sprayer mengenai faktor keracunan pestisida.

 

ABSTRACT

Title: The Decrease of Cholinesterase Enzyme Level in Pesticide Sprayers in Palm Oil Plantation

Background: Organophosphate pesticides are inhibiting the activity of the cholinesterase enzyme in human body.  Workers in charge of pesticide spraying have a very high risk of being negatively affected by pesticide exposure.  This study aims to determine the risk factors for cholinesterase enzyme decline in pesticide sprayers of PT.  X Musi Banyuasin Regency.

Method: This study used a quantitative approach using a cross sectional study design.  The sample in this study were 113 pesticide sprayers.  Data measurements were performed using a questionnaire and examination of cholinesterase enzyme levels.

Result The results showed that there was 3.5% pesticide sprayers that has decreased cholinesterase enzyme level.  From the results of bivariate analysis it is determined that there is a correlation between the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (p-value = 0.046) and declining cholinesterase enzyme level in pesticide sprayers. Through multivariate analysis it is determined that the use of PPE is the most related factor in the decrease of cholinesterase enzyme after being controlled with wind direction variables..

Conclusion: It can be concluded that the use of PPE is closely related to the decrease cholinesterase enzyme in pesticide sprayers so it is recommended for the company to provide PPE at work and to educate the sprayers about factors in pesticide poisoning.

 

Note: This article has supplementary file(s).

Keywords: Pestisida; enzim kolinesterase; keracunan pestisida; tenaga sprayer; perkebunan kelapa sawit

Article Metrics:

Article Info
Section: Research Articles
Language: ID
In Vol 20, No 1 (2021): April 2021
Statistics: 354 27
Related articles
Biofiltration Performance of Coconut Shell and Plastic Waste Made from Egg Holders for Medical Wastewater Treatment Studi Deskriptif Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) Dengan Pendekatan Spasial Di Kota Kupang (Analisis Data sekunder Tahun 2010-2011) Factors Associated with Cholinesterase Level of Spraying Workers Using Paraquat Herbicide at Oil Palm Plantation in East Kalimantan, Indonesia
  1. Kurniasih SA, Setiani O, Nugraheni SA. Faktor-faktor yang Terkait Paparan Pestisida dan Hubungannya dengan Kejadian Anemia pada Petani Hortikultura di Desa Gombong Kecamatan Belik Kabupaten Pemalang Jawa Tengah. J Kesehat Lingkung Indones. 2015;12(2):132–7
  2. Achmad U. Upaya Kesehatan Sektor Informal di Indonesia. Depkes RI. 1991
  3. Suhenda D. Karakteristik Individu, Waktu Penyemprotan Terakhir, Pengetahuan, Perilaku dan Kadar Cholinesterase Darah Petani di Kabupaten Subang Tahun 2006. FKM UI. 2007;
  4. Zuraida. Faktor yang Berhubungan Dengan Tingkat Keracunan Pestisida pada Petani di Desa Srimahi Tambun Utara Bekasi Tahun 2011 [Internet]. Universitas Indonesia; 2012. Available from: http://lib.ui.ac.id/file?file=digital/20318363-S-Zuraida.pdf
  5. Rahmawati YD, Martiana T. Pengaruh faktor karakteristik petani dan metode penyemprotan terhadap kadar kolinesterase. Indones J Occup Safety, Heal Environ. 2014;1(1):85–94
  6. Darmawan M. Efektivitas Peer Education Dalam Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Petani Holtikultura Tentang Keracunan Pestisida di Kelurahan Rajabasa Kota Bandar Lampung. Universitas Lampung; 2013
  7. Wicaksono AB, Widiyanto T, Subagiyo A. Faktor Internal Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kadar Enzim Cholinesterase Pada Darah Petani Kentang di Gapoktan Al-Farruq Desa Patak Banteng Kecamatan Kejajar Kabupaten Wonosobo Tahun 2016. J Kesehat Lingkung. 2017;36(3)
  8. Zulkidi A. Hubungan Jenis Kelamin, Sikap, Lama, dan Frekuensi Penyemprotan Pestisida Dengan Kadar Enzim CHolinesterase Pasa Petani Sayur di Alahan Panjang Kabupaten Solok Tahun 2018. Universitas Andalas; 2019
  9. Mualim, Jubaidi, Widada A. Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Tingkat Keracunan Pestisida pada Tenaga Penjual Pestisida di Kota Bengkulu. J Media Kesehat. 2013;6(2):102–200
  10. Pawitra AS. Pemakaian Pestisida Kimia Terhadap Kadar Enzim Cholinesterase Dan Residu Pestisida Dalam Tanah. J Ilm Kesehat Media Husada. 2012;1(1):19–30
  11. Utami CU. Hubungan Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Tindakan Penggunaan Pestisida dengan Tingkat Keracunan Pestisida pada Petani di Desa Kembang Kuning Kecamatan Cepogo. 2016;1–12
  12. Budiawan AR. Faktor Risiko Yang Berhubungan Dengan Cholinesterase Pada Petani Bawang Merah Di Ngurensiti Pati. Unnes J Public Heal. 2014;3(1):1–11
  13. Rustia HN, Wispriyono B, Susanna D, Luthfiah FN. Lama Pajana Organosfosfat Terhadap Aktivitas Enzim Kolinesterase Dalam Darah Petani Sayuran. Makara Kesehat. 2010;14(2):95–101
  14. Samosir K, Setiani O, Nurjazuli N. Hubungan Pajanan Pestisida dengan Gangguan Keseimbangan Tubuh Petani Hortikultura di Kecamatan Ngablak Kabupaten Magelang. J Kesehat Lingkung Indones. 2017;16(2):63
  15. Osang AR, Lampus BS, Wuntu AD, Kesehatan F, Universitas M, Manado SR. Hubungan Antara Masa Kerja Dan Arah Angin Dengan Kadar Kolinesterase Darah Pada Petani Padi Pengguna Pestisida Di Desa Pangian Tengah Kecamatan Passi Timur Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow. PHARMACONJurnal Ilm Farm. 2016;5(2):151–7
  16. Tsani R, Setiani O, Dewanti N. Hubungan Riwayat Pajanan Pestisida Dengan Gangguan Fungsi Hati Pada Petani Di Desa Sumberejo Kecamatan Ngablak Kabupaten Magelang. J Kesehat Masy. 2017;5(3):411–9
  17. Afriyanto. Kajian Keracunan Pestisida Pada Petani Penyemprot Cabe Di Desa Candi Kecamatan Bandungan Kabupaten Semarang. Universitas Diponegoro; 2008
  18. Ramdan IM, Candra KP, Purwanto H. Factors Associated with Cholinesterase Level of Spraying Workers Using Paraquat Herbicide at Oil Palm Plantation in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. J Kesehat Lingkung Indones. 2020;19(1):16
  19. Lusiana D, Rozi F. Faktor Penyebab Keracunan Akut Penggunaan Pestisida pada Petani di Desa Ponoragan Kecamatan Loa Kulu Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara. J Kesehat Masy Kesmas Wigama. 2015;1(2):60–7
  20. Neupane D, Jørs E, Brandt L. Pesticide use, erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase level and self-reported acute intoxication symptoms among vegetable farmers in Nepal: A cross-sectional study. Environ Heal A Glob Access Sci Source. 2014;13(1):1–7
  21. Dhananjayan V, Ravichandran B, Panjakumar K, Kalaiselvi K, Rajasekar K, Mala A, et al. Assessment of genotoxicity and cholinesterase activity among women workers occupationally exposed to pesticides in tea garden. Mutat Res - Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen [Internet]. 2019;841(February):1–7. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2019.03.002
  22. Nassar PPM, Ribeiro MG. Considerations for cholinesterase biomonitoring in flower and ornamental plant greenhouse workers. Sci Total Environ [Internet]. 2019;711(xxxx):135228. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135228
  23. Garzia NA, Spinelli JJ, Gotay CC, Teschke K. Literature review: dermal monitoring data for pesticide exposure assessment of farm workers. J Agromedicine [Internet]. 2018;23(3):187–214. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/1059924X.2018.1448734
  24. Franklin RC, McBain-Rigg KE, King JC, Lower T. Exploring the barriers and facilitators to adoption of improved work practices for safety in Exploring the barriers and facilitators to adoption of improved work practices for safety in the primary industries. 2015
  25. Cotton J, Edwards J, Rahman MA, Brumby S. Cholinesterase research outreach project (CROP): point of care cholinesterase measurement in an Australian agricultural community. Environ Heal A Glob Access Sci Source. 2018;17(1):1–11
  26. Magauzi R, Mabaera B, Rusakaniko S, Chimusoro A, Ndlovu N, Tshimanga M, et al. Health effects of agrochemicals among farm workers in commercial farms of Kwekwe district, Zimbabwe. Pan Afr Med J. 2011;ISSN: 1937-8688
  27. As’ady BA, Supangat S, Indreswari L. Analysis of Personal Protective Equipments Pesticides Usage Effects on Health Complaints of Farmers in Pringgondani Village Sumberjambe District Jember Regency. J Agromedicine Med Sci. 2019;5(1):31

Last update: 2021-03-03 22:25:53

No citation recorded.

Last update: 2021-03-03 22:25:54

No citation recorded.
Copyright 2020 Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia
License URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

The Authors submitting a manuscript do so on the understanding that if accepted for publication, copyright of the article shall be assigned to Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia (JKLI, p-ISSN: 1412-4939, e-ISSN:2502-7085) and Master Program of Environmental Health, Diponegoro University as the publisher of the journal. Copyright encompasses the rights to reproduce and deliver the article in all form and media, including reprints, photographs, microfilms, and any other similar reproductions, as well as translations. 

JKLI journal and Master Program of Environmental Health, Diponegoro University, the Editors and the Advisory Editorial Board make every effort to ensure that no wrong or misleading data, opinions or statements be published in the journal. In any way, the contents of the articles and advertisements published in the JKLI journal are the sole and exclusive responsibility of their respective authors and advertisers.

The Copyright Transfer Form can be downloaded here: [Copyright Transfer Form JKLI journal]
The copyright form should be signed originally and send to the Editorial Office in the form of original mail or scanned document to  jkli@live.undip.ac.id.